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2026-04-20 08:48:59 · pthandapani@vixio.com
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Master Directions - Reserve Bank of India

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TITLE: India's Reserve Bank Issues Master Directions on Bank Relief Measures for Natural Calamity-Affected Areas BODY: On October 17, 2018, the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) issued consolidated Master Directions establishing a framework for scheduled commercial banks, including small finance banks, to provide relief measures in areas affected by natural calamities. The directions consolidate all previous guidelines issued on the subject and apply to banks licensed to operate in India. The Master Directions establish an institutional framework requiring banks to develop board-approved policies and procedures for natural calamity response. They empower divisional and zonal managers with discretionary authority to make decisions regarding loan restructuring, margin requirements, and fresh loan sanctions without requiring head office approval. State Level Bankers' Committees and District Consultative Committees are tasked with convening special meetings to coordinate relief programmes following calamity declarations. Key provisions include restructuring short-term crop loans by converting principal and interest due into term loans, with repayment periods of up to two years for crop losses between 33 and 50 percent, and up to five years for losses exceeding 50 percent. All restructured loans include a mandatory one-year moratorium period. Long-term investment credit is rescheduled based on borrower repaying capacity and total liability. Banks may grant fresh consumption loans up to ₹10,000 without collateral, and fresh crop loans based on established scales of finance. Security requirements are relaxed, with banks prohibited from denying credit solely for lack of personal guarantees or additional collateral. The directions also address asset classification, permitting restructured loans to be treated as current dues rather than non-performing assets if restructuring is completed within three months of calamity declaration. Additional measures include relaxed Know Your Customer norms for displaced persons and waiver of various banking fees. A dedicated RBI portal requires banks to upload monthly data on relief measures implemented. The directions apply to farmers and borrowers affected by calamities declared by state governments with assessed crop losses of 33 percent or more. REFERENCES: Reserve Bank of India. Master Direction – Reserve Bank of India (Relief Measures by Banks in Areas Affected by Natural Calamities) Directions 2018. October 17, 2018. Available at: https://www.rbi.org.in/
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