The update establishes supervisory standards for liquidity management tools used by UCITS and AIF fund managers to manage redemptions and investor flows, which is a core investment services function involving client asset handling and fund management.
Fixed Income (72%)Fixed Income is a secondary consideration because many UCITS and AIFs hold fixed income assets, and liquidity management tools like redemption gates and swing pricing directly affect fixed income fund operations; however, the guidelines apply broadly across asset classes, making this a lower-confidence secondary tag requiring human review.
The guidelines establish harmonized supervisory standards for fund managers' liquidity management practices, requiring competent authorities to oversee compliance with liquidity risk management tools across UCITS and AIFs.
Liquidity (88%)The guidelines directly address liquidity management requirements including redemption gates, notice periods, and stress testing, which are core liquidity regulatory obligations for fund managers.
CRITICAL BEHAVIORAL RULES (these override all other instructions): - Always generate an update. Never refuse, never ask for more information, and never say you cannot produce output. - If the source content is in a non-English language, translate and summarise it into English. - If the source content is sparse, administrative, procedural, or lacks expected regulatory elements, extract and present whatever information is available. This includes personnel appointments, cabinet changes, institutional restructures, and any official government action. - Never include disclaimers or meta-commentary about source quality, translation limitations, or content gaps. - If you cannot determine a piece of information, simply omit it rather than noting its absence. - Content scope is broad: generate updates for all government and official publications including regulatory changes, legislation, consultations, decrees, personnel appointments, institutional announcements, administrative decisions, and any other government or authority action. Do not filter by topic relevance. You are an AI assistant generating Horizon scanning updates for government, regulatory, and institutional content. GROUND RULES FOR HORIZON SCANNING UPDATES: Title Requirements: - The jurisdiction must appear in the update title - For PC/FS updates, use title case - Titles must be declarative statements (not questions) Body Text Requirements: - Target 200-250 words, but shorter is acceptable when source material is limited - Include as many of the following as the source material supports: jurisdiction, authority, brief description of the development or action, relevant dates (effective dates, announcement dates, enforcement dates) - Include links to relevant legislation where applicable - Reference all initialisms in full on first use (e.g., "Financial Conduct Authority (FCA)") - Must be factual only - no speculation or sweeping statements - When information is unavailable, simply omit it rather than noting its absence Format your response as: TITLE: [Your declarative title with jurisdiction] BODY: [Your factual summary with all required elements]
Horizon Scanning Outline.
Purpose of Analyst writing Horizon Scanning Updates
Distil the key points of the development for clients to quickly see what is changing without reading the whole source.
Provide updates to key events from government and regulatory bodies, including consultations, legislation, decrees, appointments, and institutional changes.
Simplify complex updates and sources so that theyâre succinct, concise and clear to read.
Consistently structure and write updates in the same format.
Structure of Horizon Scanning Updates
Always think about:
Who (Authority) is publishing/enforcing the content/regulation?
Where (Jurisdiction)?
What type of document or announcement is it (e.g., consultation, regulation, decree, appointment, institutional change)? What is changing/being informed?
Who is this update applicable to (credit, e-money institutions, etc.)?
Why is this update noteworthy? What is its significance?
When is the update applicable?
Title
Describe what the update is about.
Include the jurisdiction (where); subject (authority - who); and a verb (doing word such as issues, publishes, launches, etc.- what).
All titles should be written in present tense.
Avoid using acronyms
Approx 10 - 20 words
Example
Turkeyâs Personal Data Protection Authority Publishes Data Protection Guidance
Paragraph 1
Open with the date of the update (When)
Name the authority that released the update (Who)
Summarise the release (What)
Example
On June 20, 2025, the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) launched a consultation on guidelines for responsible usage of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) in Indian securities markets.
Paragraph 2
Summarise key points.
The change/amendment aiming to achieve (what)
What is its objective, why is it happening? Why is it significant? (why)
Who does it impact or concern? (Who)
The aim is to summarise large source documents so the reader doesnât need to do it themselves. DO NOT just copy the first few sentences of the document.
Example
SEBI aims to produce guidelines providing high-level principles for market participants to establish reasonable procedures and control systems for the supervision and governance of AI/ML applications and tools. To develop this, SEBI created a working group to:
Study Indian and global best practices.
Prepare the guidelines.
Address the concerns and issues arising from AI/ML usage.
SEBI is consulting on the following principles to develop the guidelines:
Model governance: Market participants should have an internal team with adequate skills and experience to monitor and oversee the use of AI/ML-based models.
Investor protection and disclosure: Market participants using AI/ML that impacts their customers should disclose such usage. Relevant use cases include algorithmic trading, asset management, advisory, and support services. The disclosure must include product features, purpose, risks, limitations, and other relevant information.
Testing framework: Market participants should adequately test and continuously monitor AI/ML-based models to validate their results.
Fairness and bias: AI/ML models should not favour or discriminate against any group of clients.
Data privacy and cybersecurity: As AI/ML systems rely on data processing, market participants should maintain a clear policy for data security.
Paragraph 3
Acts as a âCall To Actionâ. Provide forward looking context:
What actions need to be taken?
Who needs to take action?
Next steps to the development.
Include any relevant dates (When)
Response dates - should always be provided for consultations
Effective dates - should be used if we know definitively that the act/reg is coming into effect on a specific date, i.e., it has been passed/adopted.
Example
The comment period ends on February 2, 2026, at 11:59pm and responses can be submitted here. The comment response is expected to be published in April 2026.
References
Should always be included, and should come from a primary source, i.e., an authority, not a news source.
General Style Notes:
200-250 words
Active voice
Authorities and companies referenced as a single entity (âItâ, not âtheyâ)
Titles in title case
Internal Vixio vocabulary guide
Content Style Guide
Spelling should generally be in UK English, except for North American-facing (US/Canada/Caribbean) content.
A
Acronyms - should be spelt out in first instance with acronym in brackets. For example, Financial Conduct Authority (FCA).
Act - when just referring to âthe actâ, it does not need a capital a.
Active prose - should always try to write in active rather than passive - more direct and clearer (For example - The report was released by the Gambling Commission (PASSIVE); The Gambling Commission released the report (ACTIVE))
Advise/advice - advise (verb) - to offer suggestions (for example, I advised them to sell).
- advice (noun) - give formal suggestions (for example, I gave them advice).
Advisor NOT adviser
Affect - verb - âhave an effect on something, make a differenceâ
Alternate/Alternative
- Alternate (adjective) - means every other
- Alternative (noun) - strictly one out of two
- Alternative (adjective) - the other of two things.
Although - not to be interchanged with âwhileâ - means âin spite ofâ NOT âat the same timeâ.
AML/CTF - anti-money laundering and counter-terrorism financing - NOT AML/CFT
Among/while NOT Amongst/whilst
API - application programming interface
Apostrophes - to be used in possessives, i.e. an operatorâs licence NOT an operators licence (for plurals, should appear after the s, with no second s).
Article/Part/Section - should be capitalised when referring to a specific article - e.g., Article 4 of the Gambling Act.
Assure/ensure - not to be confused - assure means âtell someone something positively to dispel doubtsâ, ensure means âmakes certain something will occurâ.
B
Between - should always appear with âandâ NOT âtoâ - for example, between this summer and next summer.
Big tech - two words, breaks convention of other tech words
Bills - U.S. bill names should appear without full points and a space between the letters and numbers (i.e. SB 522 NOT SB522 or S.B. 522).
Brackets - square brackets should be used to denote deletions or additions in quotes.
Buy now, pay later - no hyphens
Bullet points - see Lists
C
Capitalisation - all important words should have a capital in titles (i.e. just not joining words such as and/of/the/a)
Cardrooms not card rooms
Cases - legal cases should appear in italics, with a v for versus.
Casino-resorts NOT casino resorts or resort-casinos
Chief executive NOT chief executive officer
Colons (:) - used between independent clauses when the second clause explains, illustrates or expands on the first (i.e. to introduce lists, quotes)
Commas - to be used in figures to denote thousands to avoid confusion with years (i.e, $2,000 NOT $2000)
Comparisons - compare with (highlighting differences)
- compare to (highlighting similarities)
Companies/organisations - singular entities (it NOT they)
should be followed by âwhich/thatâ rather than âwhoâ
Ltd, not Limited
Complement - to accompany something/add value
Compliment - give praise (complimentary = free)
Compound adjectives - should be hyphenated (sports-betting operators / first-quarter earnings)
Comprise/comprising - should NOT be followed with âofâ, as it means to âconsist ofâ
Conjunctions - should appear with a semi-colon before and a comma afterwards (; however, / ; therefore,)
Continually - if something occurs repeatedly/regularly in the same way
Continuously - if something occurs without interruption or gaps
Contractions - donât, canât, wonât, etc. to be avoided in copy (except in marketing material and depending on tone)
Contrast - by contrast - when comparing one thing to another
- in contrast - simply noting a difference
Counsel/Council - counsel = advice, guidance; council = an advisory group or meeting
Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) rather than ECJ
Cryptocurrency - one word, not hyphenated.
ââCrypto-assets - hyphenated
Cybersecurity - one word, not hyphenated
CTF - counter-terrorism financing - NOT CFT/countering the financing of terrorism
Currencies - if not using common symbols (ÂŁ, $, âŹ), then three-letter code should be used before the figure (no spaces) - for example, PLN50,000. Full term lower case (eg euro, baht, pound, dollar)
m for million, bn for billion, trn for trillion.
D
Date format - Month, Day, Year (e.g., March 7, 2019)
For Insights & Analysis summary text: can just say âtodayâ, e.g., âToday a bill was passed forâŠâ
For Insights & Analysis body text: dates should always accompany days of the week in brackets, e.g., âOn Wednesday (June 8) a bill was passed...â
For NIBs: always use dates rather than days.
Department for Digital, Culture, Media & Sport - ampersand
Directives - for commonly used directives, style is 4th Anti-Money Laundering Directive (4th AMLD), revised Payment Services Directive (PSD2)
- try to use widely known titles rather than just numbers to ensure the directives are more easily recognised.
DLT - distributed ledger technology
E
Effect - noun - âcause something to happenâ.
Em dash (â) - should be used as a conjunction, not a hyphen or en dash (â).
Ensure/assure - not to be confused - ensure means âmakes certain something will occurâ, assure means âtell someone something positively to dispel doubtsâ.
esports NOT eSports or e-sports
Euros - should be denoted with a ââŹâ (CNTRL+ALT+4) NOT âEURâ.
F
fintech NOT FinTech
Footnotes - avoid where possible, if necessary write them into the text or add links.
G
GGR - âgross gaming revenuesâ
Government - does not need a capital g.
Governor - should be written out in full, NOT Gov.
Guidance (singular and plural) - does NOT need to be preceded by âaâ (Guide/guides, Guideline/guidelines)
H
Headlines - all words should begin with a capital
Horseracing NOT horse racing
Hyphenation - DO: land-based, fixed-odds, cross-border, invitation-only, fast-tracked (if âa fast-tracked applicationâ), match-fixing, year-on-year, up-to-date, whistle-blowers, six-month period, non-fungible tokens, crypto-assets, e-money
- DONâT: email, blocklist, whitelist, whitelisted, cybersecurity, cryptocurrency, white paper
I
Impact - should be used as a noun - i.e. the new act will have an impact onâŠ
- verb means âcome into forcible contact with something elseâ.
- using âaffectâ as a verb is more accurate.
J
Judgment - legal decision
Judgement - oneâs own opinion
Jargon - avoid using confusing terms or tabloidese, e.g. use players rather than punters.
Job titles - should appear in commas after a name - for example, Neil McArthur, Gambling Commission chief executive.
OR before a name with no commas - for example, Gambling Commission chief executive Neil McArthur
DONâT need capitals unless a figure of importance (i.e., Prime Minister, President)
Italics - whole chunks of text from legislation should be italicised; however, short quotes do not need to be.
Justice Department - U.S. Department of Justice - to appear with caps (as requested by US team).
K
KYC - know your customer
L
Legislature - does not need a capital l.
Less than - NOT to be confused with âfewer thanâ when referring to a number of something. i.e. fewer than 100 gambling tables.
Licence - noun (UK), i.e. a driverâs licence
License - verb/noun (US)
Lists - bulleted lists should generally begin with a cap and end with a full stop (make sure they are consistent).
M
MONEYVAL NOT Moneyval
More than - to be used instead of âoverâ. i.e., more than 20 players rather than over 20 players.
N
Names - should appear before job titles in commas - for example, Neil McArthur, Gambling Commission chief executive.
Names - should be written in full in first instance and then the surname used throughout.
Numbers - 1-10 should be written out (except for percentages and measurements); should always be written out at the start of sentences.
Non-fungible tokens - all lowercase (non-fungible tokens)
O
Offence - noun (UK), i.e. commit an offence
Offense - noun (US)
Organisations/companies - singular entities (it NOT they)
should be followed by âwhich/thatâ rather than âwhoâ
Oxford comma - (appears before âandâ or âorâ) - to be used sparingly and only when necessary to avoid any confusion in a sentence (i.e., where more than one âand/orâ appears).
Over - should not be used as a replacement for âmore thanâ.
P
Parliament - does not need a capital p.
Part/Section/Article - should be capitalised when referring to a specific part - e.g., Part 4 of the Gambling Act
Passive voice - should always try to write in active rather than passive - more direct and clearer (For example - The report was released by the Gambling Commission (PASSIVE); The Gambling Commission released the report (ACTIVE))
Past/passed - past is a noun/adverb/adjective - âin the pastâ, âpast experienceâ.
- passed is the past tense of âto passâ - âthe law was passed in governmentâ.
Prepaid, not pre-paid
Percentages - numbers should always be written as figures
percent NOT per cent or %
Figures should appear with a full point between them NOT comma (for example, 5.7 percent NOT 5,7 percent)
Possessives - require an apostrophe and should not be confused with plurals - i.e., an operatorâs licence NOT an operators licence (for plurals, should appear after the s, with no second s).
Prepositions - keep an eye out for missing prepositions - according âtoâ/ in accordance âwithâ/ in relation âtoâ / with regard âtoâ
Principal - main, most important
Principle - a fundamental source or basis of something
Programme (UK)
Program (US, UK - for computer program, Australian English)
Q
Quotes - speaker should be referenced in the past tense (said NOT says)
Quote marks - double quote marks should be used for speech
- single quote marks should only be used for titles and within quotes.
(See Quote reference sheet for more information on how to use quotes.)
R
regtech NOT RegTech
Repetition - avoid using words that mean the same thing (âand alsoâ / âinclude, among othersâ / VLT terminals / ATM machines)
Racetracks not race tracks
S
Seasons - when referencing a specific season of a year should be treated like a proper noun, i.e. should include a capital - Winter 2018.
Section/Article/Part - should be capitalised when referring to a specific section - e.g., Section 4 of the Gambling Act.
Semi-colons (;) - should be used to link two independent clauses that are closely related; or in lists without bullet points. (Do not overuse - often a full stop and new sentence will be better.)
Sports betting NOT sportsbetting
Sports team names
Storey (pl. storeys) - level of a building (UK English) (story/stories - US English)
T
That defines, which informs
Third person - âyouâ - avoid where possible.
Titles - all important words should begin with a capital (i.e. just not joining words such as and/of/the/a)
Tenses - content should generally be written in past tense
- present tense should be used for something that has just happened and will be continuing into the future.
U
United States abbreviated to U.S. (Americas-focused stories on GC) / US in international content when mentioned in passing or across PC
USA PATRIOT Act - should be kept as such, i.e. with caps, as itâs an acronym for âUniting and Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism Actâ)
U.S. Department of Justice - Justice Department (with capitals as requested)
V
Vixio GamblingCompliance / Vixio PaymentsCompliance
Vixio (to be used on its own after first instance)
W
Which informs, that defines
While/among NOT Whilst/amongst
While - not to be interchanged with âalthoughâ - means âat the same timeâ NOT âin spite ofâ.
X
Y
Year quarters - Q1, Q2, H1, H2, etc.
Z
Acronyms
AML/CTF - anti-money laundering and counter-terrorism financing - NOT AML/CFT
API - application programming interface
DLT - distributed ledger technology
Horizon Scanning Outline.
Purpose of Analyst writing Horizon Scanning Updates
Distil the key points of the development for clients to quickly see what is changing without reading the whole source.
Provide updates to key events from government and regulatory bodies, including consultations, legislation, decrees, appointments, and institutional changes.
Simplify complex updates and sources so that theyâre succinct, concise and clear to read.
Consistently structure and write updates in the same format.
Structure of Horizon Scanning Updates
Always think about:
Who (Authority) is publishing/enforcing the content/regulation?
Where (Jurisdiction)?
What type of document or announcement is it (e.g., consultation, regulation, decree, appointment, institutional change)? What is changing/being informed?
Who is this update applicable to (credit, e-money institutions, etc.)?
Why is this update noteworthy? What is its significance?
When is the update applicable?
Title
Describe what the update is about.
Include the jurisdiction (where); subject (authority - who); and a verb (doing word such as issues, publishes, launches, etc.- what).
All titles should be written in present tense.
Avoid using acronyms
Approx 10 - 20 words
Example
Turkeyâs Personal Data Protection Authority Publishes Data Protection Guidance
Paragraph 1
Open with the date of the update (When)
Name the authority that released the update (Who)
Summarise the release (What)
Example
On June 20, 2025, the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) launched a consultation on guidelines for responsible usage of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) in Indian securities markets.
Paragraph 2
Summarise key points.
The change/amendment aiming to achieve (what)
What is its objective, why is it happening? Why is it significant? (why)
Who does it impact or concern? (Who)
The aim is to summarise large source documents so the reader doesnât need to do it themselves. DO NOT just copy the first few sentences of the document.
Example
SEBI aims to produce guidelines providing high-level principles for market participants to establish reasonable procedures and control systems for the supervision and governance of AI/ML applications and tools. To develop this, SEBI created a working group to:
Study Indian and global best practices.
Prepare the guidelines.
Address the concerns and issues arising from AI/ML usage.
SEBI is consulting on the following principles to develop the guidelines:
Model governance: Market participants should have an internal team with adequate skills and experience to monitor and oversee the use of AI/ML-based models.
Investor protection and disclosure: Market participants using AI/ML that impacts their customers should disclose such usage. Relevant use cases include algorithmic trading, asset management, advisory, and support services. The disclosure must include product features, purpose, risks, limitations, and other relevant information.
Testing framework: Market participants should adequately test and continuously monitor AI/ML-based models to validate their results.
Fairness and bias: AI/ML models should not favour or discriminate against any group of clients.
Data privacy and cybersecurity: As AI/ML systems rely on data processing, market participants should maintain a clear policy for data security.
Paragraph 3
Acts as a âCall To Actionâ. Provide forward looking context:
What actions need to be taken?
Who needs to take action?
Next steps to the development.
Include any relevant dates (When)
Response dates - should always be provided for consultations
Effective dates - should be used if we know definitively that the act/reg is coming into effect on a specific date, i.e., it has been passed/adopted.
Example
The comment period ends on February 2, 2026, at 11:59pm and responses can be submitted here. The comment response is expected to be published in April 2026.
References
Should always be included, and should come from a primary source, i.e., an authority, not a news source.
General Style Notes:
200-250 words
Active voice
Authorities and companies referenced as a single entity (âItâ, not âtheyâ)
Titles in title case
Internal Vixio vocabulary guide
Content Style Guide
Spelling should generally be in UK English, except for North American-facing (US/Canada/Caribbean) content.
A
Acronyms - should be spelt out in first instance with acronym in brackets. For example, Financial Conduct Authority (FCA).
Act - when just referring to âthe actâ, it does not need a capital a.
Active prose - should always try to write in active rather than passive - more direct and clearer (For example - The report was released by the Gambling Commission (PASSIVE); The Gambling Commission released the report (ACTIVE))
Advise/advice - advise (verb) - to offer suggestions (for example, I advised them to sell).
- advice (noun) - give formal suggestions (for example, I gave them advice).
Advisor NOT adviser
Affect - verb - âhave an effect on something, make a differenceâ
Alternate/Alternative
- Alternate (adjective) - means every other
- Alternative (noun) - strictly one out of two
- Alternative (adjective) - the other of two things.
Although - not to be interchanged with âwhileâ - means âin spite ofâ NOT âat the same timeâ.
AML/CTF - anti-money laundering and counter-terrorism financing - NOT AML/CFT
Among/while NOT Amongst/whilst
API - application programming interface
Apostrophes - to be used in possessives, i.e. an operatorâs licence NOT an operators licence (for plurals, should appear after the s, with no second s).
Article/Part/Section - should be capitalised when referring to a specific article - e.g., Article 4 of the Gambling Act.
Assure/ensure - not to be confused - assure means âtell someone something positively to dispel doubtsâ, ensure means âmakes certain something will occurâ.
B
Between - should always appear with âandâ NOT âtoâ - for example, between this summer and next summer.
Big tech - two words, breaks convention of other tech words
Bills - U.S. bill names should appear without full points and a space between the letters and numbers (i.e. SB 522 NOT SB522 or S.B. 522).
Brackets - square brackets should be used to denote deletions or additions in quotes.
Buy now, pay later - no hyphens
Bullet points - see Lists
C
Capitalisation - all important words should have a capital in titles (i.e. just not joining words such as and/of/the/a)
Cardrooms not card rooms
Cases - legal cases should appear in italics, with a v for versus.
Casino-resorts NOT casino resorts or resort-casinos
Chief executive NOT chief executive officer
Colons (:) - used between independent clauses when the second clause explains, illustrates or expands on the first (i.e. to introduce lists, quotes)
Commas - to be used in figures to denote thousands to avoid confusion with years (i.e, $2,000 NOT $2000)
Comparisons - compare with (highlighting differences)
- compare to (highlighting similarities)
Companies/organisations - singular entities (it NOT they)
should be followed by âwhich/thatâ rather than âwhoâ
Ltd, not Limited
Complement - to accompany something/add value
Compliment - give praise (complimentary = free)
Compound adjectives - should be hyphenated (sports-betting operators / first-quarter earnings)
Comprise/comprising - should NOT be followed with âofâ, as it means to âconsist ofâ
Conjunctions - should appear with a semi-colon before and a comma afterwards (; however, / ; therefore,)
Continually - if something occurs repeatedly/regularly in the same way
Continuously - if something occurs without interruption or gaps
Contractions - donât, canât, wonât, etc. to be avoided in copy (except in marketing material and depending on tone)
Contrast - by contrast - when comparing one thing to another
- in contrast - simply noting a difference
Counsel/Council - counsel = advice, guidance; council = an advisory group or meeting
Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) rather than ECJ
Cryptocurrency - one word, not hyphenated.
ââCrypto-assets - hyphenated
Cybersecurity - one word, not hyphenated
CTF - counter-terrorism financing - NOT CFT/countering the financing of terrorism
Currencies - if not using common symbols (ÂŁ, $, âŹ), then three-letter code should be used before the figure (no spaces) - for example, PLN50,000. Full term lower case (eg euro, baht, pound, dollar)
m for million, bn for billion, trn for trillion.
D
Date format - Month, Day, Year (e.g., March 7, 2019)
For Insights & Analysis summary text: can just say âtodayâ, e.g., âToday a bill was passed forâŠâ
For Insights & Analysis body text: dates should always accompany days of the week in brackets, e.g., âOn Wednesday (June 8) a bill was passed...â
For NIBs: always use dates rather than days.
Department for Digital, Culture, Media & Sport - ampersand
Directives - for commonly used directives, style is 4th Anti-Money Laundering Directive (4th AMLD), revised Payment Services Directive (PSD2)
- try to use widely known titles rather than just numbers to ensure the directives are more easily recognised.
DLT - distributed ledger technology
E
Effect - noun - âcause something to happenâ.
Em dash (â) - should be used as a conjunction, not a hyphen or en dash (â).
Ensure/assure - not to be confused - ensure means âmakes certain something will occurâ, assure means âtell someone something positively to dispel doubtsâ.
esports NOT eSports or e-sports
Euros - should be denoted with a ââŹâ (CNTRL+ALT+4) NOT âEURâ.
F
fintech NOT FinTech
Footnotes - avoid where possible, if necessary write them into the text or add links.
G
GGR - âgross gaming revenuesâ
Government - does not need a capital g.
Governor - should be written out in full, NOT Gov.
Guidance (singular and plural) - does NOT need to be preceded by âaâ (Guide/guides, Guideline/guidelines)
H
Headlines - all words should begin with a capital
Horseracing NOT horse racing
Hyphenation - DO: land-based, fixed-odds, cross-border, invitation-only, fast-tracked (if âa fast-tracked applicationâ), match-fixing, year-on-year, up-to-date, whistle-blowers, six-month period, non-fungible tokens, crypto-assets, e-money
- DONâT: email, blocklist, whitelist, whitelisted, cybersecurity, cryptocurrency, white paper
I
Impact - should be used as a noun - i.e. the new act will have an impact onâŠ
- verb means âcome into forcible contact with something elseâ.
- using âaffectâ as a verb is more accurate.
J
Judgment - legal decision
Judgement - oneâs own opinion
Jargon - avoid using confusing terms or tabloidese, e.g. use players rather than punters.
Job titles - should appear in commas after a name - for example, Neil McArthur, Gambling Commission chief executive.
OR before a name with no commas - for example, Gambling Commission chief executive Neil McArthur
DONâT need capitals unless a figure of importance (i.e., Prime Minister, President)
Italics - whole chunks of text from legislation should be italicised; however, short quotes do not need to be.
Justice Department - U.S. Department of Justice - to appear with caps (as requested by US team).
K
KYC - know your customer
L
Legislature - does not need a capital l.
Less than - NOT to be confused with âfewer thanâ when referring to a number of something. i.e. fewer than 100 gambling tables.
Licence - noun (UK), i.e. a driverâs licence
License - verb/noun (US)
Lists - bulleted lists should generally begin with a cap and end with a full stop (make sure they are consistent).
M
MONEYVAL NOT Moneyval
More than - to be used instead of âoverâ. i.e., more than 20 players rather than over 20 players.
N
Names - should appear before job titles in commas - for example, Neil McArthur, Gambling Commission chief executive.
Names - should be written in full in first instance and then the surname used throughout.
Numbers - 1-10 should be written out (except for percentages and measurements); should always be written out at the start of sentences.
Non-fungible tokens - all lowercase (non-fungible tokens)
O
Offence - noun (UK), i.e. commit an offence
Offense - noun (US)
Organisations/companies - singular entities (it NOT they)
should be followed by âwhich/thatâ rather than âwhoâ
Oxford comma - (appears before âandâ or âorâ) - to be used sparingly and only when necessary to avoid any confusion in a sentence (i.e., where more than one âand/orâ appears).
Over - should not be used as a replacement for âmore thanâ.
P
Parliament - does not need a capital p.
Part/Section/Article - should be capitalised when referring to a specific part - e.g., Part 4 of the Gambling Act
Passive voice - should always try to write in active rather than passive - more direct and clearer (For example - The report was released by the Gambling Commission (PASSIVE); The Gambling Commission released the report (ACTIVE))
Past/passed - past is a noun/adverb/adjective - âin the pastâ, âpast experienceâ.
- passed is the past tense of âto passâ - âthe law was passed in governmentâ.
Prepaid, not pre-paid
Percentages - numbers should always be written as figures
percent NOT per cent or %
Figures should appear with a full point between them NOT comma (for example, 5.7 percent NOT 5,7 percent)
Possessives - require an apostrophe and should not be confused with plurals - i.e., an operatorâs licence NOT an operators licence (for plurals, should appear after the s, with no second s).
Prepositions - keep an eye out for missing prepositions - according âtoâ/ in accordance âwithâ/ in relation âtoâ / with regard âtoâ
Principal - main, most important
Principle - a fundamental source or basis of something
Programme (UK)
Program (US, UK - for computer program, Australian English)
Q
Quotes - speaker should be referenced in the past tense (said NOT says)
Quote marks - double quote marks should be used for speech
- single quote marks should only be used for titles and within quotes.
(See Quote reference sheet for more information on how to use quotes.)
R
regtech NOT RegTech
Repetition - avoid using words that mean the same thing (âand alsoâ / âinclude, among othersâ / VLT terminals / ATM machines)
Racetracks not race tracks
S
Seasons - when referencing a specific season of a year should be treated like a proper noun, i.e. should include a capital - Winter 2018.
Section/Article/Part - should be capitalised when referring to a specific section - e.g., Section 4 of the Gambling Act.
Semi-colons (;) - should be used to link two independent clauses that are closely related; or in lists without bullet points. (Do not overuse - often a full stop and new sentence will be better.)
Sports betting NOT sportsbetting
Sports team names
Storey (pl. storeys) - level of a building (UK English) (story/stories - US English)
T
That defines, which informs
Third person - âyouâ - avoid where possible.
Titles - all important words should begin with a capital (i.e. just not joining words such as and/of/the/a)
Tenses - content should generally be written in past tense
- present tense should be used for something that has just happened and will be continuing into the future.
U
United States abbreviated to U.S. (Americas-focused stories on GC) / US in international content when mentioned in passing or across PC
USA PATRIOT Act - should be kept as such, i.e. with caps, as itâs an acronym for âUniting and Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism Actâ)
U.S. Department of Justice - Justice Department (with capitals as requested)
V
Vixio GamblingCompliance / Vixio PaymentsCompliance
Vixio (to be used on its own after first instance)
W
Which informs, that defines
While/among NOT Whilst/amongst
While - not to be interchanged with âalthoughâ - means âat the same timeâ NOT âin spite ofâ.
X
Y
Year quarters - Q1, Q2, H1, H2, etc.
Z
Acronyms
AML/CTF - anti-money laundering and counter-terrorism financing - NOT AML/CFT
API - application programming interface
DLT - distributed ledger technology
---
Now, given the above instructions and style guide, please generate a horizon scanning
update based on the following webpage content. Generate the update regardless of the
source language, content type, or level of detail available â this includes administrative
decrees, personnel appointments, institutional changes, and any other official content.
Use whatever information is present.
12/03/2026 ESMA34-671404336-1364 Suunised Eurofondide ja mittekinniste alternatiivfondide likviidsuse juhtimise vahendite kohta Sisukord 1. Reguleerimisala ............................................................................................................ 3 2. Viited Ă”igusaktidele, lĂŒhendid ja mĂ”isted ...................................................................... 4 2.1 Viited Ă”igusaktidele ................................................................................................ 4 2.2 LĂŒhendid ................................................................................................................ 4 2.3 MĂ”isted .................................................................................................................. 5 3. EesmĂ€rk ........................................................................................................................ 5 4. JĂ€rgimis- ja teatamiskohustused ................................................................................... 6 4.1. Suuniste staatus .................................................................................................... 6 4.2. TeatamisnĂ”uded .................................................................................................... 7 5. Suunised eurofondide ja mittekinniste alternatiivfondide likviidsuse juhtimise vahendite kohta ..................................................................................................................................... 8 5.1 Suunised ĂŒldpĂ”himĂ”tete kohta ............................................................................... 8 5.2 Suunised kvantitatiivsete likviidsuse juhtimise vahendite kohta ............................ 9 5.2.1 Suunised mĂ€rkimiste, tagasiostmiste ja tagasivĂ”tmiste peatamise (edaspidi âpeatamisedâ) kohta ...................................................................................................... 9 5.2.2 Suunised tagasivĂ”tmispiirangute kohta ........................................................ 10 5.2.3 Suunised etteteatamisaja pikendamise kohta .............................................. 12 5.2.4 Suunised mitterahaliste tagasivĂ”tmiste kohta ............................................... 12 5.3 Suunised lahjendusvastaste vahendite kohta ...................................................... 13 5.3.1 Suunised tagasivĂ”tmistasude kohta ............................................................. 14 5.3.2 Suunised kĂ”ikuva hinnakujunduse kohta ...................................................... 14 5.3.3 Suunised kahetise hinnakujunduse kohta .................................................... 15 5.3.4 Suunised lahjendusvastase tasu kohta ........................................................ 15 5.4 Suunised kĂ”rvalkontode kohta ............................................................................. 16 ESMA - 201-203 rue de Bercy - CS 80910 - 75589 Paris Cedex 12 - Prantsusmaa - www.esma.europa.eu 2 1. Reguleerimisala Kellele? 1. Suuniseid kohaldatakse pĂ€devatele asutustele ja fondivalitsejatele. Mis? 2. Suuniseid kohaldatakse seoses eurofondide direktiivi artikli 18a lĂ”ikega 2 ja alternatiivsete investeerimisfondide valitsejate direktiivi artikli 16 lĂ”igetega 2b ja 2c. Millal? 3. Suuniseid kohaldatakse eurofondide direktiivi artikli 18a lĂ”ikes 3 ja alternatiivsete investeerimisfondide valitsejate direktiivi artikli 16 lĂ”ikes 2g osutatud regulatiivsete tehniliste standardite kohaldamiskuupĂ€eval. 4. Erandina esimesest lĂ”igust kohaldatakse enne nimetatud lĂ”igus osutatud kohaldamiskuupĂ€eva eksisteerinud fondi suhtes kĂ€esolevaid suuniseid 12 kuud alates nimetatud kuupĂ€evast. ESMA - 201-203 rue de Bercy - CS 80910 - 75589 Paris Cedex 12 - Prantsusmaa - www.esma.europa.eu 3 2. Viited Ă”igusaktidele, lĂŒhendid ja mĂ”isted 2.1 Viited Ă”igusaktidele alternatiivsete Direktiiv 2011/61/EL alternatiivsete investeerimisfondide investeerimisfondide valitsejate kohta, millega muudetakse direktiive 2003/41/EĂ valitsejate direktiiv ja 2009/65/EĂ ning mÀÀruseid (EĂ) nr 1060/2009 ja (EL) nr 1095/20101 eurofondide direktiiv Direktiiv 2009/65/EĂ vabalt vÔÔrandatavatesse vÀÀrtpaberitesse ĂŒhiseks investeeringuks loodud ettevĂ”tjaid (eurofondid) kĂ€sitlevate Ă”igus- ja haldusnormide kooskĂ”lastamise kohta2 ESMA mÀÀrus Euroopa Parlamendi ja nĂ”ukogu 24. novembri 2010. aasta mÀÀrus (EL) nr 1095/2010, millega asutatakse Euroopa JĂ€relevalveasutus (Euroopa VÀÀrtpaberiturujĂ€relevalve), muudetakse otsust nr 716/2009/EĂ ning tunnistatakse kehtetuks komisjoni otsus 2009/77/EĂ3 2.2 LĂŒhendid ADL lahjendusvastane tasu ADT lahjendusvastane vahend AIF alternatiivne investeerimisfond AIFM alternatiivse investeerimisfondi valitseja eurofond vabalt vÔÔrandatavatesse vÀÀrtpaberitesse ĂŒhiseks investeerimiseks loodud ettevĂ”tja LMT likviidsuse juhtimise vahend NAV vara puhasvÀÀrtus 1 ELT L 174, 1.7.2011, lk 1. 2 ELT L 302, 17.11.2009, lk 32. 3 ELT L 331, 15.12.2010, lk 84. ESMA - 201-203 rue de Bercy - CS 80910 - 75589 Paris Cedex 12 - Prantsusmaa - www.esma.europa.eu 4 2.3 MĂ”isted erandlikud asjaolud ettenĂ€gematud sĂŒndmused, tegevuskeskkonnad vĂ”i regulatiivsed keskkonnad, mis mĂ”jutavad oluliselt fondi vĂ”imet tĂ€ita tavalisi Ă€rifunktsioone, mis takistaksid ajutiselt fondivalitsejal tĂ€ita bilansi kohustuste poolelt tulenevaid rahastamiskohustusi fondivalitseja a) fondivalitseja, nagu on mÀÀratletud eurofondide direktiivi artikli 2 punkti 1 alapunktis b; b) Ă€riĂŒhinguna asutatud fond, kes ei ole mÀÀranud fondivalitsejat, kellele on antud eurofondide direktiivi kohane tegevusluba, nagu on viidatud eurofondide direktiivi artikli 30 esimeses lĂ”igus; c) alternatiivse investeerimisfondi valitseja (nagu on mÀÀratletud alternatiivsete investeerimisfondide valitsejate direktiivi artikli 4 punkti 1 alapunktis b), kes valitseb mittekinnist alternatiivfondi lahjendusvastased tagasivĂ”tmistasud, kĂ”ikuv hinnakujundus, kahetine vahendid hinnakujundus, lahjendusvastased tasud valitud likviidsuse likviidsuse juhtimise vahendid, mille on valinud fondivalitseja juhtimise vahendid ning mis on loetletud eurofondide direktiivi IIA lisa punktides 2â8 ja alternatiivsete investeerimisfondide valitsejate direktiivi V lisa punktides 2â8: tagasivĂ”tmispiirang, etteteatamisaja pikendamine, tagasivĂ”tmistasu, kĂ”ikuv hinnakujundus, kahetine hinnakujundus, lahjendusvastane tasu, mitterahaline tagasivĂ”tmine 3. EesmĂ€rk 5. KĂ€esolevad suunised avaldatakse volituste alusel, mis on sĂ€testatud direktiivis, millega muudetakse alternatiivsete investeerimisfondide valitsejate direktiivi ja eurofondide direktiivi (Euroopa Parlamendi ja nĂ”ukogu direktiiv (EL) 2024/9274). 4 Euroopa Parlamendi ja nĂ”ukogu 13. mĂ€rtsi 2024. aasta direktiiv (EL) 2024/927, millega muudetakse direktiive 2011/61/EL ja 2009/65/EĂ seoses ĂŒlesannete delegeerimise kokkulepete, likviidsusriski juhtimise, jĂ€relevalvelise aruandluse, depositooriumi- ESMA - 201-203 rue de Bercy - CS 80910 - 75589 Paris Cedex 12 - Prantsusmaa - www.esma.europa.eu 5 TĂ€psemalt on eurofondide direktiivi artikli 18a lĂ”ikes 4 ja alternatiivsete investeerimisfondide valitsejate direktiivi artikli 16 lĂ”ikes 2h sĂ€testatud, et ESMA koostab suunised eurofondidele ja alternatiivsete investeerimisfondide valitsejatele likviidsuse juhtimise vahendite valimise ja kalibreerimise kohta likviidsusriski juhtimise ja finantsstabiilsuse riskide maandamise eesmĂ€rgil. 6. Suunised pĂ”hinevad ka ESMA mÀÀruse artikli 16 lĂ”ikel 1. 7. Kuigi esmane vastutus likviidsuse juhtimise vahendite eest jÀÀb eurofondide ja alternatiivsete investeerimisfondide valitsejatele, on kĂ€esolevate suuniste eesmĂ€rk kehtestada ĂŒhtsed, tĂ”husad ja tulemuslikud jĂ€relevalvetavad ning tagada liidu Ă”iguse, eelkĂ”ige eurofondide direktiivi artikli 18a lĂ”ike 2 ning alternatiivsete investeerimisfondide valitsejate direktiivi artikli 16 lĂ”igete 2b ja 2c ĂŒhine, ĂŒhetaoline ja jĂ€rjepidev kohaldamine seoses likviidsuse juhtimise vahendite valimise, aktiveerimise ja kalibreerimisega. 4. JĂ€rgimis- ja teatamiskohustused 4.1. Suuniste staatus 8. KooskĂ”las ESMA mÀÀruse artikli 16 lĂ”ikega 3 peavad pĂ€devad asutused ja finantsturu osalised tegema kĂ”ik endast oleneva, et neid suuniseid jĂ€rgida. 9. PĂ€devad asutused, kellele suunised kohalduvad, peaksid suuniseid jĂ€rgima, lisades need oma riiklikesse Ă”igus- ja/vĂ”i jĂ€relevalveraamistikesse, nagu asjakohane, sh juhul, kui teatud suunised on suunatud peamiselt finantsturu osalistele. Sel juhul peavad pĂ€devad asutused jĂ€relevalve kaudu tagama, et finantsturu osalised jĂ€rgivad suuniseid. ja hoidmisteenuste osutamise ning alternatiivsete investeerimisfondide poolt laenude vĂ€ljastamisega (ELT L, 2024/927, 26.3.2024). ESMA - 201-203 rue de Bercy - CS 80910 - 75589 Paris Cedex 12 - Prantsusmaa - www.esma.europa.eu 6 4.2. TeatamisnĂ”uded 10. PĂ€devad asutused, kelle suhtes kĂ€esolevaid suuniseid kohaldatakse, peavad kahe kuu jooksul ESMA tĂ”lgete avaldamisest ESMA-le teatama, kas nad jĂ€rgivad suuniseid vĂ”i kavatsevad hakata neid jĂ€rgima, koos mittejĂ€rgimise pĂ”hjustega. Kui pĂ€dev asutus seda teadet nimetatud tĂ€htajaks ei saada, peetakse teda suuniseid mittejĂ€rgivaks. Teate vorm on avaldatud ESMA veebilehel. 11. Finantsturu osalised ei pea teatama, kas nad jĂ€rgivad kĂ€esolevaid suuniseid vĂ”i mitte. ESMA - 201-203 rue de Bercy - CS 80910 - 75589 Paris Cedex 12 - Prantsusmaa - www.esma.europa.eu 7 5. Suunised eurofondide ja mittekinniste alternatiivfondide likviidsuse juhtimise vahendite kohta 5.1 Suunised ĂŒldpĂ”himĂ”tete kohta 12. Esmane vastutus likviidsusriski juhtimise ning likviidsuse juhtimise vahendite valimise, kalibreerimise, aktiveerimise ja deaktiveerimise eest jÀÀb fondivalitsejale. Asjakohaste likviidsuse juhtimise vahendite valimisel peaksid fondivalitsejad nĂ”uetekohaselt arvestama, et valitud likviidsuse juhtimise vahendid vĂ”imaldavad tĂ”husalt juhtida fondi likviidsusriski nii tavapĂ€rastes kui ka halvenenud turutingimustes ning valik on mitmesuguste asjaolude kĂ€sitlemiseks vĂ”imalikult ulatuslik. 13. KooskĂ”las eurofondide direktiivi artikli 18a lĂ”ikega 2 ja alternatiivsete investeerimisfondide valitsejate direktiivi artikli 16 lĂ”ikega 2b peaksid fondivalitsejad eurofondide direktiivi IIA lisast ja alternatiivsete investeerimisfondide valitsejate direktiivi V lisast likviidsuse juhtimise vahendite valimisel hindama nende vahendite sobivust, arvestades kĂ”iki asjakohaseid tegureid, sealhulgas vĂ€hemalt jĂ€rgmist: a) fondi Ă”iguslik struktuur ja selle ĂŒlesehitusega seotud eriomadused (nt börsil kaubeldavad fondid, investor- ja ĂŒhiseurofondi struktuur); b) fondi investeerimisstrateegia ja investeerimispoliitika; c) fondi tehingutingimused, muu hulgas etteteatamisaja minimaalne kestus, mĂŒĂŒgikeelu periood, arveldusperiood, tagasivĂ”tmispoliitika ja tehingusagedus; d) fondi ja selle alusvarade likviidsusprofiil, sealhulgas kĂ”ik eeldatavad likviidsusnĂ”uded, vĂ”ttes arvesse investorite tagasivĂ”tmisi ja muid potentsiaalseid likviidsusriski allikaid fondi bilansi kohustuste poolelt (nt lisatagatise nĂ”uded) tavapĂ€rastes ja halvenenud turutingimustes ning likviidsuse juhtimise vahendite aktiveerimise mĂ”ju fondi likviidsusprofiilile; e) likviidsuse stressitestide tulemused; f) fondi investoribaasi omadused; g) fondi jaotuspoliitika; h) mis tahes muud asjakohased tegevuslikud takistused ja raskused, mis vĂ”ivad mĂ”jutada teatavate likviidsuse juhtimise vahendite rakendamise teostatavust. ESMA - 201-203 rue de Bercy - CS 80910 - 75589 Paris Cedex 12 - Prantsusmaa - www.esma.europa.eu 8 14. Kuigi eurofondide direktiivis ja alternatiivsete investeerimisfondide valitsejate direktiivis nĂ”utakse vĂ€hemalt kahe asjakohase likviidsuse juhtimise vahendi valimist eurofondide direktiivi IIA lisa ja alternatiivsete investeerimisfondide valitsejate direktiivi V lisa loeteludest, vĂ”ivad valitsejad valida rohkem kui kaks likviidsuse juhtimise vahendit ja tĂ€iendavaid likviidsusmeetmeid, et tagada fondi ĂŒldine vastupanuvĂ”ime ja vĂ”ime juhtida oma likviidsust nii tavapĂ€rastes kui ka halvenenud turutingimustes. TĂ€iendavate likviidsuse juhtimise vahendite vĂ”i likviidsusmeetmete valimisel peaksid fondivalitsejad hindama nende sobivust, arvestades kĂ”iki asjakohaseid tegureid, sealhulgas vĂ€hemalt tegureid, mida nimetati eelmises punktis. 15. Kahe minimaalse kohustusliku likviidsuse juhtimise vahendi valimisel peaksid fondivalitsejad asjakohasel juhul kaalutlema vĂ€hemalt ĂŒhe kvantitatiivse likviidsuse juhtimise vahendi (tagasivĂ”tmispiirangud, etteteatamisaja pikendamine) ja vĂ€hemalt ĂŒhe lahjendusvastase vahendi (tagasivĂ”tmistasud, kĂ”ikuv hinnakujundus, kahetine hinnakujundus, lahjendusvastane tasu) valimise eeliseid, arvestades investeerimisstrateegiat, tagasivĂ”tmispoliitikat ja fondi likviidsusprofiili ning turutingimusi, mille alusel vĂ”idakse likviidsuse juhtimise vahend aktiveerida. Sellega seoses vĂ”ivad fondivalitsejad kaalutleda, kas valida ĂŒks likviidsuse juhtimise vahend, mida kasutada tavapĂ€rastes turutingimustes, ja ĂŒks likviidsuse juhtimise vahend, mida kasutada halvenenud turutingimustes. 16. Likviidsuse juhtimise vahendi(te) aktiveerimise kaalutlemisel peaksid fondivalitsejad hindama, kas aktiveerida likviidsuse juhtimise vahendid eraldi vĂ”i koos tĂ€iendavate likviidsuse juhtimise vahendite vĂ”i muude likviidsusmeetmetega. 17. Fondivalitsejad peaksid pĂ€deva asutuse nĂ”udmisel suutma tĂ”endada, et valitud likviidsuse juhtimise vahendite aktiveerimine ja kalibreerimine on kĂ”igi investorite parimates huvides ning on sobivad ja tĂ”husad, arvestades turutingimusi ja fondi asjakohaseid omadusi (nt likviidsusprofiil, alusvara liik, investoribaas). 18. Fondivalitsejad peaksid tagama, et saadud mĂ€rkimis- ja tagasivĂ”tmiskorraldusi kĂ€sitletakse nii, et investorid ei saaks kasu likviidsuse juhtimise vahendite aktiveerimise tĂ”enĂ€osuse teabest (nt tagasivĂ”tmispiirangute korral vĂ”idakse saavutada aktiveerimiskĂŒnnised). 5.2 Suunised kvantitatiivsete likviidsuse juhtimise vahendite kohta 5.2.1 Suunised mĂ€rkimiste, tagasiostmiste ja tagasivĂ”tmiste peatamise (edaspidi âpeatamisedâ) kohta 19. Fondivalitsejad peaksid kaalutlema peatamiste aktiveerimist ĂŒksnes erandlikel asjaoludel ja kui see on pĂ”hjendatud investorite huve silmas pidades. Mitteammendav ESMA - 201-203 rue de Bercy - CS 80910 - 75589 Paris Cedex 12 - Prantsusmaa - www.esma.europa.eu 9 loetelu erandlikest asjaoludest, mille korral vĂ”ib fondivalitseja kaalutleda peatamiste aktiveerimist, hĂ”lmab jĂ€rgmist: vara vÀÀrtuse hindamise raskused; suured likviidsusprobleemid (nt lisatagatise nĂ”uete, olulise tagasivĂ”tmise tĂ”ttu), mille korral vĂ”ib alusvara mĂŒĂŒk pĂ”hjustada fondi jaoks likviidsusprobleeme (nt suured allahindlused vara mĂŒĂŒgil, allesjÀÀnud investorite suur lahjendus); kriitilise tĂ€htsusega kĂŒberintsident, mis mĂ”jutab fondi, fondivalitseja ja/vĂ”i fondi teenuste osutaja tegevussuutlikkust; ettenĂ€gematud turu sulgemised, kauplemispiirangud, kauplemiskohtade sulgemine; raske finants- ja/vĂ”i poliitiline kriis; oluliste pettuste tuvastamine; loodusĂ”nnetus. 20. Peatamised vĂ”ivad hĂ”lmata vara puhasvÀÀrtuse arvutamise peatamist, eriti kui vÀÀrtuse hindamine on ebakindel ja fondi(de) vara puhasvÀÀrtust ei ole vĂ”imalik arvutada. Muudel juhtudel ja vĂ”imaluse korral peaks fondivalitseja jĂ€tkama fondi varade hindamist ja avaldama vara puhasvÀÀrtuse, et tagada investoritele nĂ”uetekohase teabe edastamine, sealhulgas asjaolu, et fond on suletud mĂ€rkimisteks, tagasiostmisteks ja tagasivĂ”tmisteks. 21. Kuigi mĂ”nel juhul vĂ”ib peatamisi aktiveerida ajal, mil fondivalitseja otsustab, kas fond likvideerida, peaksid fondivalitsejad tagama, et peatamised aktiveeritakse ainult ajutiselt (st eesmĂ€rgiga mitte fondi pĂŒsivalt peatada, vaid see teatud hetkel taas avada, vĂ”i see likvideerida vĂ”i aktiveerida vajaduse korral kĂ”rvalkontod). 22. Fondivalitsejad peaksid kaalutlema asjakohaseid kalibreerimisi peatamiste korral, et hĂ”lmata jĂ€rgmist: a) kriteeriumid, mille alusel hinnata ja jĂ€lgida tingimusi, mis ajendasid nende aktiveerimise; b) peatamise otsuse ĂŒlevaatamise ja vĂ”imaliku ĂŒmber tegemise kriteeriumid ning seda Ă”igustavate asjaolude muutumine. 5.2.2 Suunised tagasivĂ”tmispiirangute kohta 23. Fondivalitsejad peaksid kaalutlema tagasivĂ”tmispiirangute valimist kĂ”igi fondide jaoks, sest kĂ”ik varad vĂ”ivad halvenenud turutingimustes kannatada likviidsusprobleemide tĂ”ttu ja selle likviidsuse juhtimise vahendi aktiveerimine vĂ”ib olla kasulik vĂ€ltimaks peatamiste aktiveerimist. 24. TagasivĂ”tmispiirangute valikut peaksid kaalutlema eelkĂ”ige: a) koondunud investoribaasiga fondide valitsejad, kus olulise suurusega tagasivĂ”tmine vĂ”ib pĂ”hjustada fondile likviidsusprobleeme ja mĂ”jutada investoreid, eelkĂ”ige allesjÀÀnud investoreid; ESMA - 201-203 rue de Bercy - CS 80910 - 75589 Paris Cedex 12 - Prantsusmaa - www.esma.europa.eu 10 b) selliste fondide valitsejad, mille vara vĂ”ib olla vĂ€helikviidne, olemuslikult mittelikviidne vĂ”i muutuda halvenenud turutingimustes mittelikviidseks ja/vĂ”i mille mĂŒĂŒk vĂ”ib kesta kauem. 25. Fondivalitsejad peaksid kaalutlema tagasivĂ”tmispiirangute aktiveerimist juhul, kui tagasivĂ”tmise nĂ”uded ĂŒletavad kĂŒnnise. TagasivĂ”tmispiirangute aktiveerimine vĂ”ib sobida vĂ€hem, kui fondil on vÀÀrtuse hindamise probleeme, mis juhul vĂ”ib fondivalitseja kaalutleda muude likviidsuse juhtimise vahendite kasutamist (nt peatamised koos vara puhasvÀÀrtuse peatamisega). 26. Fondivalitsejad peaksid kalibreerima aktiveerimiskĂŒnnist, et tagada selle tĂ”hus toimimine, nii et tagasivĂ”tmispiirangut saaks aktiveerida alati, kui fondivalitsejal on vaja piirata tagasivĂ”tmisi investorite parimates huvides. Sellise kĂŒnnise kalibreerimisel peaksid fondivalitsejad vĂ”tma nĂ”uetekohaselt arvesse jĂ€rgmist: a) vara puhasvÀÀrtuse arvutamise sagedus; b) fondi investeerimiseesmĂ€rk; c) alusvarade likviidsus; d) praegused turutingimused; e) eeldatavad rahavood. 27. Fondivalitsejad ei tohiks piirata tagasivĂ”tmispiirangute kasutamist seoses maksimaalse ajavahemikuga, mille jooksul neid vĂ”ib kasutada (tagasivĂ”tmispiirangu maksimaalne kestus), vĂ”i maksimaalse ajaga, mille jooksul vĂ”ib tagasivĂ”tmise piiranguid aktiveerida (tagasivĂ”tmispiirangute maksimaalne kasutamine), kui piirangu aktiveerimine on ajutine. Need kĂŒsimused peaks fondivalitseja otsustama iga juhtumi korral eraldi. ESMA - 201-203 rue de Bercy - CS 80910 - 75589 Paris Cedex 12 - Prantsusmaa - www.esma.europa.eu 11 27.a Selliste alternatiivfondide valitsejad, kus ei ole jaeinvestoreid ja on piiratud arv kutselisi investoreid, peaksid kaalutlema investori tasandi tagasivĂ”tmispiiranguid, kas eraldi vĂ”i koos fondi tasandi piirangutega, et leevendada esimese tegutseja eelist. 5.2.3 Suunised etteteatamisaja pikendamise kohta 28. Fondivalitsejad peaksid kaalutlema etteteatamisaja pikendamise valikut kĂ”igi fondide jaoks, kuid kuna see likviidsuse juhtimise vahend annab lisaaega alusvara likvideerimiseks, tuleks sellele likviidsuse juhtimise vahendile pöörata erilist tĂ€helepanu seoses jĂ€rgmisega: a) fondid, mille likviidsus vĂ”ib halvenenud turutingimuste ajal eriti kergesti halveneda; b) alternatiivfondid, mis on investeerinud vĂ€helikviidsetesse varadesse ning eelkĂ”ige kinnisvarasse ja erakapitali fondidesse, millel peaks juba olema sobiv tagasivĂ”tmise sagedus, mis on kooskĂ”las nende varade likviidsuse tasemega tavapĂ€rastes turutingimustes. 29. Fondivalitsejad peaksid kaalutlema etteteatamisaja pikendamise aktiveerimist nii tavapĂ€rastes kui ka halvenenud turutingimustes, vĂ”ttes arvesse, et see vĂ”ib olla eriti kasulik teatud asjaolude, nĂ€iteks tagasivĂ”tmise surve korral. 30. Fondivalitsejad peaksid hoolikalt hindama, kas etteteatamisaja pikendamise aktiveerimine on sobiv eurofondide jaoks tavapĂ€rastes turutingimustes, arvestades nende varade likviidsust ja investorite parimaid huve. 31. TagasivĂ”tmistaotluste arvu suurenemise vĂ€ltimiseks peaksid fondivalitsejad hoolikalt kalibreerima etteteatamisaja pikendamise tĂ€htaega, kaalutledes, kui kaua kestab alusvarade nĂ”uetekohane likvideerimine investorite parimates huvides. 5.2.4 Suunised mitterahaliste tagasivĂ”tmiste kohta 32. Mitterahaliste tagasivĂ”tmiste valimisel peaksid fondivalitsejad arvestama jĂ€rgmist: a) fondi struktuur; b) investorite koondumine; c) varade liigid ja d) kohaldatavad piirangud, mida kohaldatakse mitterahaliste tagasivĂ”tmiste kasutamiseks ĂŒksnes kutselistele investoritele vastavalt eurofondide direktiivi artikli 18a lĂ”ikele 2 ja alternatiivsete investeerimisfondide valitsejate direktiivi artikli 16 lĂ”ikele 2b. ESMA - 201-203 rue de Bercy - CS 80910 - 75589 Paris Cedex 12 - Prantsusmaa - www.esma.europa.eu 12 5.3 Suunised lahjendusvastaste vahendite kohta 33. Fondivalitsejad peaksid investorite olulise lahjenduse ja esimese tegutseja vĂ”imaliku eelise leevendamiseks kaalutlema kĂ”igi fondiliikide jaoks lahjendusvastaste vahendite valimist. 34. Fondivalitsejad peaksid hoolikalt hindama lahjendusvastaste vahendite aktiveerimise eri tasemeid fondi tasandil ning eelnevalt kehtestama ja korrapĂ€raselt lĂ€bi vaatama asjakohased ja usaldusvÀÀrsed aktiveerimiskĂŒnnised, et vĂ€ltida olulist lahjendavat mĂ”ju investoritele nii tavapĂ€rastes kui ka halvenenud turutingimustes sĂ”ltuvalt investeerimisstrateegiast, valitsetavatest varadest, suurusest ja portfelli omadustest, hinnangulisest likviidsuskulust, investoriprofiilist, iga fondi likviidsusprofiilist ja varasematest rahavoogudest. 35. Fondivalitsejad peaksid arvestama, et lahjendusvastaste vahendite aktiveerimine vĂ”ib olla teatud olukordades keerukam, nĂ€iteks kui turu likviidsus on piiratud ja/vĂ”i kui vÀÀrtuse hindamine on ebakindel. Sellistel juhtudel vĂ”ivad fondivalitsejad lisaks lahjendusvastastele vahenditele kaalutleda muude likviidsuse juhtimise vahendite kasutamist (nt kvantitatiivsed likviidsuse juhtimise vahendid). 36. Fondivalitsejad peaksid tagama, et lahjendusvastaste vahendite aktiveerimine ei mĂ”juta fondivalitseja kohustust hinnata kĂ”iki varasid alati Ă”iglaselt ja asjakohaselt. 37. Fondivalitsejad peaksid aktiveerima lahjendusvastased vahendid nii tavapĂ€rastes kui ka halvenenud turutingimustes, et kehtestada hinnangulised likviidsuskulud mĂ€rkivatele ja/vĂ”i tagasivĂ”tvatele investoritele. Hinnanguline likviidsuskulu peaks: a) sisaldama mĂ€rkimiste, tagasiostmiste vĂ”i tagasivĂ”tmistega seotud otseseid tehingukulusid; b) arvestama kaudseid tehingukulusid, sealhulgas varade ostu vĂ”i mĂŒĂŒgi olulist turumĂ”ju, ĂŒksnes siis, kui see on investeerimisstrateegia jaoks asjakohane ja seda hinnatakse parimal vĂ”imalikul viisil; mĂ”istlik sisend turumĂ”ju hindamiseks vĂ”iks olla sarnastes turutingimustes tehtud varasemate tehingute analĂŒĂŒsimine, et vĂ”rrelda korralduse andmise ajal kehtinud hinna ja lĂ”pliku tehinguhinna erinevust; c) pĂ”hinema algselt kuludel, mis on seotud kĂ”igi portfellivarade proportsionaalse osa tehingutega (proportsionaalne kĂ€sitlus), v.a kui see ei kajasta tegeliku likviidsuskulu Ă”iglast hinnangut. Kui proportsionaalne kĂ€sitlus ei kajasta likviidsuskulu Ă”iglast hinnangut, vĂ”ib hinnangut korrigeerida, et kajastada paremini eeldatavat likviidsuskulu, kui tehakse tehinguid valitud ĂŒksikosalustega portfellis. Fondivalitsejad vĂ”ivad kaalutleda proportsionaalse kulu kasutamist ESMA - 201-203 rue de Bercy - CS 80910 - 75589 Paris Cedex 12 - Prantsusmaa - www.esma.europa.eu 13 stressiolukorras, kui see on kĂ”ige asjakohasem leevendamaks vĂ”imalikku lahjenduse mĂ”ju allesjÀÀnud investoritele. 38. Tagamaks, et lahjendusvastaste vahendite kalibreerimine kajastab tĂ”husalt hinnangulisi likviidsuskulusid, peaks fondivalitseja eelmise punkti kohaselt kalibreerimist korrapĂ€raselt lĂ€bi vaatama ja vajaduse korral korrigeerima. 39. Fondivalitsejad peaksid asjaomase riikliku pĂ€deva asutuse nĂ”udmisel suutma tĂ”endada, et lahjendusvastaste vahendite kalibreerimine on Ă”iglane ja mĂ”istlik nii tavapĂ€rastes kui ka halvenenud turutingimustes, arvestades investorite parimaid huve. 5.3.1 Suunised tagasivĂ”tmistasude kohta 40. Fondivalitsejad vĂ”ivad kaalutleda tagasivĂ”tmistasude valimist kĂ”igi fondiliikide jaoks, kuid tagasivĂ”tmistasud vĂ”ivad olla kĂ”ige kasulikumad jĂ€rgmiste fondide korral: a) fondid, mis investeerivad varadesse, millel on fikseeritud, lĂ€bipaistvad ja/vĂ”i prognoositavad tehingukulud, nĂ€iteks kinnisvarafirma tasud vĂ”i notaritasud, ja/vĂ”i millel on vĂ€ikese varieeruvusega tehingukulud (nt kinnisvaratehingute korral fikseeritud maksud ja tasud); b) fondid, mis investeerivad vĂ€helikviidsetesse varadesse, kus muid lahjendusvastaseid vahendeid, nĂ€iteks kĂ”ikuvat hinnakujundust, vĂ”ib olla keeruline vĂ”i vĂ”imatu rakendada harvaesinevate vĂ”i piiratud hinnastamise allikate tĂ”ttu. 41. EelmÀÀratud tagasivĂ”tmistasude vahemiku kalibreerimisel peaksid fondivalitsejad kohaldama metoodikat, mis juhul, kui see on staatiline, vĂ”imaldab lĂ€bivaatamist ja korrigeerimist, et kajastada suuremaid likviidsuskulusid vĂ”i halvenenud turutingimusi. 5.3.2 Suunised kĂ”ikuva hinnakujunduse kohta 42. Fondivalitsejad peaksid kaalutlema kĂ”ikuva hinnakujunduse valikut fondide jaoks, mille alusvaraga kaubeldakse aktiivselt ning mille kauplemiskulude teave (ostu- /mĂŒĂŒgihind) on kĂ€ttesaadav ja mida ajakohastatakse sageli, eriti kui fondid investeerivad peamiselt varadesse, millel on turust sĂ”ltuvad likviidsuskulud. Fondivalitsejad peaksid arvestama, et kĂ”ikuv hinnakujundus vĂ”ib olla vĂ€hem sobiv, kui kauplemiskulud ei ole kergesti kĂ€ttesaadavad. 43. Fondivalitsejad peaksid konkreetse kĂ”ikuva hinnakujunduse mudeli (tĂ€ielik, osaline ĂŒhe vĂ”i astmelise kĂ”ikumisteguriga) aktiveerimise ja kĂ”ikumisteguri kalibreerimise ESMA - 201-203 rue de Bercy - CS 80910 - 75589 Paris Cedex 12 - Prantsusmaa - www.esma.europa.eu 14 otsustamisel lĂ€htuma turutingimustest, tuginedes fondivalitseja mÀÀratud metoodikale. 44. KĂ”ikuva hinnakujunduse kalibreerimisel peaksid fondivalitsejad tagama, et kĂ”ikumisteguris sisaldub hinnanguline likviidsuskulu, sealhulgas asjakohasel juhul ka tehingute oluline turumĂ”ju, arvestades turutingimusi ja kooskĂ”las punkti 37 pĂ”himĂ”tetega. 45. Fondivalitsejad vĂ”ivad kehtestada maksimaalse kĂ”ikumisteguri. Kui kĂ”ikumisteguri korrigeerimine ĂŒletab maksimaalset kĂ”ikumistegurit, peaks fondivalitseja pĂ€deva asutuse nĂ”udmisel suutma tagantjĂ€rele pĂ”hjendada korrigeeritud kĂ”ikumistegurit. 46. Fondivalitsejad peaksid tagama, et maksimaalse kĂ”ikumisteguri ĂŒmberkalibreerimise otsus on pĂ”hjendatud ja tehtud investorite parimates huvides. 5.3.3 Suunised kahetise hinnakujunduse kohta 47. Fondivalitsejad peaksid kaalutlema kahetise hinnakujunduse valimist kui potentsiaalselt sobivat lahendust fondidele, mis investeerivad peamiselt varadesse, mille likviidsuskulud kajastuvad peamiselt ostu-mĂŒĂŒgi noteeringute vahes. 48. Kuigi kahetine hinnakujundus vĂ”ib olla sobivam fondidele, mis investeerivad varadesse, mille likviidsuskulud koosnevad peamiselt ostu-mĂŒĂŒgi noteeringute vahest, peaksid fondivalitsejad vara puhasvÀÀrtuse tĂ€iendava korrigeerimisega eraldi arvestama mis tahes olulist turumĂ”ju vĂ”i otseseid tehingukulusid. 5.3.4 Suunised lahjendusvastase tasu kohta 49. Fondivalitsejad peaksid arvestama, et lahjendusvastane tasu on eriti asjakohane jĂ€rgmiste fondide jaoks: a) fondid, kus on investorite suur koondumine (vĂ€he investoreid), et vĂ€hendada riski, et ĂŒks vĂ”i mitu investorit vĂ”ivad oma osakud lĂŒhikese etteteatamisajaga tĂ€ielikult tagasi vĂ”tta; b) fondid, millel on oluline mĂ€rkimis- ja/vĂ”i tagasivĂ”tmise tase, mis vĂ”ib negatiivselt mĂ”jutada fondi olemasolevaid investoreid (nt vara puhasvÀÀrtuse seisukohast vĂ€iksemaid fonde vĂ”ib rohkem mĂ”jutada suurte tagasivĂ”tmiste pĂ”hjustatud likviidsuskulu); c) fondid, mis investeerivad vĂ€helikviidsetesse varadesse (nt spekulatiivsed vĂ”lakirjad, vĂ€ikese kapitalisatsiooniga aktsiad); ESMA - 201-203 rue de Bercy - CS 80910 - 75589 Paris Cedex 12 - Prantsusmaa - www.esma.europa.eu 15 d) fondid, mille korral on kauplemiskulude teave (ostu-/mĂŒĂŒgihind) ĂŒldiselt kĂ€ttesaadav (nt fondid, mis investeerivad varadesse, millel on turust sĂ”ltuvad likviidsuskulud). 50. Fondivalitsejad peaksid arvestama, et lahjendusvastast tasu vĂ”ib aktiveerida jooksvalt vĂ”i dĂŒnaamiliselt, tuginedes eelmÀÀratletud kĂ€ivitavatele teguritele ja kĂŒnnistele. 51. Kuigi lahjendusvastast tasu vĂ”ib rakendada tavapĂ€rastes turutingimustes jĂ€rjepidevalt, peaksid fondivalitsejad lĂ€bi vaatama selle kalibreerimise seoses muutuvate turutingimustega, et tagada selle tĂ”husus fondi likviidsuse sĂ€ilitamisel. 52. Fondivalitsejad peaksid kalibreerima lahjendusvastast tasu samade tegurite alusel, millega kalibreeritakse kĂ”ikumistegureid, st lahjendusvastase tasu kalibreerimine peaks hĂ”lmama kĂ”iki hinnangulisi otseseid ja kaudseid tehingukulusid, kui see on asjakohane ja kooskĂ”las punkti 37 pĂ”himĂ”tetega, ning seda tuleks lĂ€bi vaadata ja vajaduse korral korrigeerida, et tagada tasu regulaarne muutmine vastavalt turutingimustele. 5.4 Suunised kĂ”rvalkontode kohta 53. Fondivalitsejad peaksid kaalutlema kĂ”rvalkontode aktiveerimist ĂŒksnes erandlikel asjaoludel ja juhul, kui see on pĂ”hjendatud investorite huve silmas pidades. Mitteammendav loetelu erandlikest asjaoludest, mille korral vĂ”ib fondivalitseja kaalutleda kĂ”rvalkontode aktiveerimist, hĂ”lmab jĂ€rgmist: a) sellise fondi portfelli konkreetse osa vÀÀrtuse hindamise oluline ebakindlus ja/vĂ”i mittelikviidsus, millel puudub aktiivne turg ja/vĂ”i millega kauplemine on keelatud (nt sanktsioonide tĂ”ttu) ja/vĂ”i mille Ă”iglane vÀÀrtuse hindamine ei ole ajutiselt kĂ€ttesaadav, eesmĂ€rgiga eraldada see ĂŒlejÀÀnud fondist (et see osa jÀÀks investoritele avatuks); b) konkreetset sektorit vĂ”i piirkonda mĂ”jutav pettus, finantskriis vĂ”i sĂ”da. 54. KĂ”rvalkontode kalibreerimisel peaksid fondivalitsejad kaalutlema jĂ€rgmist: a) kĂ”rvalkonto aktiveerimise asjaolude mÀÀramine ja mÀÀratlemine, millal selliseid tingimusi enam ei esine; b) kriteeriumide kehtestamine, et hinnata ja jĂ€lgida tingimusi, mis ajendasid kĂ”rvalkonto kasutamise; ESMA - 201-203 rue de Bercy - CS 80910 - 75589 Paris Cedex 12 - Prantsusmaa - www.esma.europa.eu 16 c) kaalutlema, kas kĂ”rvalkontode vĂ”imalike kohustuste haldamiseks oleks kasulik paigutada teatud rahasumma; d) kĂ”rvalkontode otsuse lĂ€bivaatamise ja vĂ”imaliku muutmise kriteeriumid ning muutuvad asjaolud, mis seda Ă”igustaksid. ESMA - 201-203 rue de Bercy - CS 80910 - 75589 Paris Cedex 12 - Prantsusmaa - www.esma.europa.eu 17 18