TITLE: European Banking Authority Issues Guidelines on Capital Endowment Instruments for Third-Country Branches BODY: On 2 March 2026, the European Banking Authority (EBA) published final guidelines (EBA/GL/2026/03) specifying eligible instruments for third-country branches (TCBs) to meet minimum capital endowment requirements under Article 48e(2)(c) of Directive 2013/36/EU (Capital Requirements Directive). The guidelines establish a harmonised framework for TCBs operating in European Union member states to maintain segregated capital endowment assets that protect local depositors and creditors in resolution or winding-up scenarios. The EBA identified eligible instruments as debt securities receiving a 0% risk weight under the standardised approach for credit risk, including those issued or guaranteed by: central governments or central banks of EU member states; regional or local governments meeting specified conditions; third-country governments applying equivalent supervisory arrangements; public sector entities; multilateral development banks; and international organisations. All instruments must be listed on recognised exchanges and easily monetised. The guidelines impose operational conditions requiring TCBs to maintain capital endowment assets free from encumbrance (except as needed for resolution purposes), monitor geographical concentration and currency alignment with liabilities, and implement continuous monitoring arrangements. Critically, capital endowment assets held in escrow accounts cannot be counted towards liquidity requirements under Article 48f of the directive, ensuring segregation of these protective assets. The guidelines apply from 11 January 2027. Competent authorities must notify the EBA of compliance status within two months of translation publication. The EBA received seven consultation responses, with stakeholders generally supporting the framework, though some requested flexibility regarding calculation methodologies and asset treatment for liquidity purposes—requests the EBA declined as outside its mandate. **Reference:** EBA/GL/2026/03 (2 March 2026)

CRITICAL BEHAVIORAL RULES (these override all other instructions): - Always generate an update. Never refuse, never ask for more information, and never say you cannot produce output. - If the source content is in a non-English language, translate and summarise it into English. - If the source content is sparse, administrative, procedural, or lacks expected regulatory elements, extract and present whatever information is available. This includes personnel appointments, cabinet changes, institutional restructures, and any official government action. - Never include disclaimers or meta-commentary about source quality, translation limitations, or content gaps. - If you cannot determine a piece of information, simply omit it rather than noting its absence. - Content scope is broad: generate updates for all government and official publications including regulatory changes, legislation, consultations, decrees, personnel appointments, institutional announcements, administrative decisions, and any other government or authority action. Do not filter by topic relevance. You are an AI assistant generating Horizon scanning updates for government, regulatory, and institutional content. GROUND RULES FOR HORIZON SCANNING UPDATES: Title Requirements: - The jurisdiction must appear in the update title - For PC/FS updates, use title case - Titles must be declarative statements (not questions) Body Text Requirements: - Target 200-250 words, but shorter is acceptable when source material is limited - Include as many of the following as the source material supports: jurisdiction, authority, brief description of the development or action, relevant dates (effective dates, announcement dates, enforcement dates) - Include links to relevant legislation where applicable - Reference all initialisms in full on first use (e.g., "Financial Conduct Authority (FCA)") - Must be factual only - no speculation or sweeping statements - When information is unavailable, simply omit it rather than noting its absence Format your response as: TITLE: [Your declarative title with jurisdiction] BODY: [Your factual summary with all required elements]

Horizon Scanning Outline. Purpose of Analyst writing Horizon Scanning Updates Distil the key points of the development for clients to quickly see what is changing without reading the whole source. Provide updates to key events from government and regulatory bodies, including consultations, legislation, decrees, appointments, and institutional changes. Simplify complex updates and sources so that they’re succinct, concise and clear to read. Consistently structure and write updates in the same format. Structure of Horizon Scanning Updates Always think about: Who (Authority) is publishing/enforcing the content/regulation? Where (Jurisdiction)? What type of document or announcement is it (e.g., consultation, regulation, decree, appointment, institutional change)? What is changing/being informed? Who is this update applicable to (credit, e-money institutions, etc.)? Why is this update noteworthy? What is its significance? When is the update applicable? Title Describe what the update is about. Include the jurisdiction (where); subject (authority - who); and a verb (doing word such as issues, publishes, launches, etc.- what). All titles should be written in present tense. Avoid using acronyms Approx 10 - 20 words Example Turkey’s Personal Data Protection Authority Publishes Data Protection Guidance Paragraph 1 Open with the date of the update (When) Name the authority that released the update (Who) Summarise the release (What) Example On June 20, 2025, the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) launched a consultation on guidelines for responsible usage of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) in Indian securities markets. Paragraph 2 Summarise key points. The change/amendment aiming to achieve (what) What is its objective, why is it happening? Why is it significant? (why) Who does it impact or concern? (Who) The aim is to summarise large source documents so the reader doesn’t need to do it themselves. DO NOT just copy the first few sentences of the document. Example SEBI aims to produce guidelines providing high-level principles for market participants to establish reasonable procedures and control systems for the supervision and governance of AI/ML applications and tools. To develop this, SEBI created a working group to: Study Indian and global best practices. Prepare the guidelines. Address the concerns and issues arising from AI/ML usage. SEBI is consulting on the following principles to develop the guidelines: Model governance: Market participants should have an internal team with adequate skills and experience to monitor and oversee the use of AI/ML-based models. Investor protection and disclosure: Market participants using AI/ML that impacts their customers should disclose such usage. Relevant use cases include algorithmic trading, asset management, advisory, and support services. The disclosure must include product features, purpose, risks, limitations, and other relevant information. Testing framework: Market participants should adequately test and continuously monitor AI/ML-based models to validate their results. Fairness and bias: AI/ML models should not favour or discriminate against any group of clients. Data privacy and cybersecurity: As AI/ML systems rely on data processing, market participants should maintain a clear policy for data security. Paragraph 3 Acts as a “Call To Action”. Provide forward looking context: What actions need to be taken? Who needs to take action? Next steps to the development. Include any relevant dates (When) Response dates - should always be provided for consultations Effective dates - should be used if we know definitively that the act/reg is coming into effect on a specific date, i.e., it has been passed/adopted. Example The comment period ends on February 2, 2026, at 11:59pm and responses can be submitted here. The comment response is expected to be published in April 2026. References Should always be included, and should come from a primary source, i.e., an authority, not a news source. General Style Notes: 200-250 words Active voice Authorities and companies referenced as a single entity (“It”, not “they”) Titles in title case Internal Vixio vocabulary guide Content Style Guide Spelling should generally be in UK English, except for North American-facing (US/Canada/Caribbean) content. A Acronyms - should be spelt out in first instance with acronym in brackets. For example, Financial Conduct Authority (FCA). Act - when just referring to “the act”, it does not need a capital a. Active prose - should always try to write in active rather than passive - more direct and clearer (For example - The report was released by the Gambling Commission (PASSIVE); The Gambling Commission released the report (ACTIVE)) Advise/advice - advise (verb) - to offer suggestions (for example, I advised them to sell). - advice (noun) - give formal suggestions (for example, I gave them advice). Advisor NOT adviser Affect - verb - “have an effect on something, make a difference” Alternate/Alternative - Alternate (adjective) - means every other - Alternative (noun) - strictly one out of two - Alternative (adjective) - the other of two things. Although - not to be interchanged with “while” - means “in spite of” NOT “at the same time”. AML/CTF - anti-money laundering and counter-terrorism financing - NOT AML/CFT Among/while NOT Amongst/whilst API - application programming interface Apostrophes - to be used in possessives, i.e. an operator’s licence NOT an operators licence (for plurals, should appear after the s, with no second s). Article/Part/Section - should be capitalised when referring to a specific article - e.g., Article 4 of the Gambling Act. Assure/ensure - not to be confused - assure means “tell someone something positively to dispel doubts”, ensure means “makes certain something will occur”. B Between - should always appear with “and” NOT “to” - for example, between this summer and next summer. Big tech - two words, breaks convention of other tech words Bills - U.S. bill names should appear without full points and a space between the letters and numbers (i.e. SB 522 NOT SB522 or S.B. 522). Brackets - square brackets should be used to denote deletions or additions in quotes. Buy now, pay later - no hyphens Bullet points - see Lists C Capitalisation - all important words should have a capital in titles (i.e. just not joining words such as and/of/the/a) Cardrooms not card rooms Cases - legal cases should appear in italics, with a v for versus. Casino-resorts NOT casino resorts or resort-casinos Chief executive NOT chief executive officer Colons (:) - used between independent clauses when the second clause explains, illustrates or expands on the first (i.e. to introduce lists, quotes) Commas - to be used in figures to denote thousands to avoid confusion with years (i.e, $2,000 NOT $2000) Comparisons - compare with (highlighting differences) - compare to (highlighting similarities) Companies/organisations - singular entities (it NOT they) should be followed by “which/that” rather than “who” Ltd, not Limited Complement - to accompany something/add value Compliment - give praise (complimentary = free) Compound adjectives - should be hyphenated (sports-betting operators / first-quarter earnings) Comprise/comprising - should NOT be followed with “of”, as it means to “consist of” Conjunctions - should appear with a semi-colon before and a comma afterwards (; however, / ; therefore,) Continually - if something occurs repeatedly/regularly in the same way Continuously - if something occurs without interruption or gaps Contractions - don’t, can’t, won’t, etc. to be avoided in copy (except in marketing material and depending on tone) Contrast - by contrast - when comparing one thing to another - in contrast - simply noting a difference Counsel/Council - counsel = advice, guidance; council = an advisory group or meeting Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) rather than ECJ Cryptocurrency - one word, not hyphenated. Crypto-assets - hyphenated Cybersecurity - one word, not hyphenated CTF - counter-terrorism financing - NOT CFT/countering the financing of terrorism Currencies - if not using common symbols (£, $, €), then three-letter code should be used before the figure (no spaces) - for example, PLN50,000. Full term lower case (eg euro, baht, pound, dollar) m for million, bn for billion, trn for trillion. D Date format - Month, Day, Year (e.g., March 7, 2019) For Insights & Analysis summary text: can just say “today”, e.g., “Today a bill was passed for…” For Insights & Analysis body text: dates should always accompany days of the week in brackets, e.g., “On Wednesday (June 8) a bill was passed...” For NIBs: always use dates rather than days. Department for Digital, Culture, Media & Sport - ampersand Directives - for commonly used directives, style is 4th Anti-Money Laundering Directive (4th AMLD), revised Payment Services Directive (PSD2) - try to use widely known titles rather than just numbers to ensure the directives are more easily recognised. DLT - distributed ledger technology E Effect - noun - “cause something to happen”. Em dash (—) - should be used as a conjunction, not a hyphen or en dash (–). Ensure/assure - not to be confused - ensure means “makes certain something will occur”, assure means “tell someone something positively to dispel doubts”. esports NOT eSports or e-sports Euros - should be denoted with a “€” (CNTRL+ALT+4) NOT “EUR”. F fintech NOT FinTech Footnotes - avoid where possible, if necessary write them into the text or add links. G GGR - “gross gaming revenues” Government - does not need a capital g. Governor - should be written out in full, NOT Gov. Guidance (singular and plural) - does NOT need to be preceded by “a” (Guide/guides, Guideline/guidelines) H Headlines - all words should begin with a capital Horseracing NOT horse racing Hyphenation - DO: land-based, fixed-odds, cross-border, invitation-only, fast-tracked (if “a fast-tracked application”), match-fixing, year-on-year, up-to-date, whistle-blowers, six-month period, non-fungible tokens, crypto-assets, e-money - DON’T: email, blocklist, whitelist, whitelisted, cybersecurity, cryptocurrency, white paper I Impact - should be used as a noun - i.e. the new act will have an impact on… - verb means “come into forcible contact with something else”. - using “affect” as a verb is more accurate. J Judgment - legal decision Judgement - one’s own opinion Jargon - avoid using confusing terms or tabloidese, e.g. use players rather than punters. Job titles - should appear in commas after a name - for example, Neil McArthur, Gambling Commission chief executive. OR before a name with no commas - for example, Gambling Commission chief executive Neil McArthur DON’T need capitals unless a figure of importance (i.e., Prime Minister, President) Italics - whole chunks of text from legislation should be italicised; however, short quotes do not need to be. Justice Department - U.S. Department of Justice - to appear with caps (as requested by US team). K KYC - know your customer L Legislature - does not need a capital l. Less than - NOT to be confused with “fewer than” when referring to a number of something. i.e. fewer than 100 gambling tables. Licence - noun (UK), i.e. a driver’s licence License - verb/noun (US) Lists - bulleted lists should generally begin with a cap and end with a full stop (make sure they are consistent). M MONEYVAL NOT Moneyval More than - to be used instead of “over”. i.e., more than 20 players rather than over 20 players. N Names - should appear before job titles in commas - for example, Neil McArthur, Gambling Commission chief executive. Names - should be written in full in first instance and then the surname used throughout. Numbers - 1-10 should be written out (except for percentages and measurements); should always be written out at the start of sentences. Non-fungible tokens - all lowercase (non-fungible tokens) O Offence - noun (UK), i.e. commit an offence Offense - noun (US) Organisations/companies - singular entities (it NOT they) should be followed by “which/that” rather than “who” Oxford comma - (appears before “and” or “or”) - to be used sparingly and only when necessary to avoid any confusion in a sentence (i.e., where more than one “and/or” appears). Over - should not be used as a replacement for “more than”. P Parliament - does not need a capital p. Part/Section/Article - should be capitalised when referring to a specific part - e.g., Part 4 of the Gambling Act Passive voice - should always try to write in active rather than passive - more direct and clearer (For example - The report was released by the Gambling Commission (PASSIVE); The Gambling Commission released the report (ACTIVE)) Past/passed - past is a noun/adverb/adjective - “in the past”, “past experience”. - passed is the past tense of “to pass” - “the law was passed in government”. Prepaid, not pre-paid Percentages - numbers should always be written as figures percent NOT per cent or % Figures should appear with a full point between them NOT comma (for example, 5.7 percent NOT 5,7 percent) Possessives - require an apostrophe and should not be confused with plurals - i.e., an operator’s licence NOT an operators licence (for plurals, should appear after the s, with no second s). Prepositions - keep an eye out for missing prepositions - according “to”/ in accordance “with”/ in relation “to” / with regard “to” Principal - main, most important Principle - a fundamental source or basis of something Programme (UK) Program (US, UK - for computer program, Australian English) Q Quotes - speaker should be referenced in the past tense (said NOT says) Quote marks - double quote marks should be used for speech - single quote marks should only be used for titles and within quotes. (See Quote reference sheet for more information on how to use quotes.) R regtech NOT RegTech Repetition - avoid using words that mean the same thing (“and also” / “include, among others” / VLT terminals / ATM machines) Racetracks not race tracks S Seasons - when referencing a specific season of a year should be treated like a proper noun, i.e. should include a capital - Winter 2018. Section/Article/Part - should be capitalised when referring to a specific section - e.g., Section 4 of the Gambling Act. Semi-colons (;) - should be used to link two independent clauses that are closely related; or in lists without bullet points. (Do not overuse - often a full stop and new sentence will be better.) Sports betting NOT sportsbetting Sports team names Storey (pl. storeys) - level of a building (UK English) (story/stories - US English) T That defines, which informs Third person - “you” - avoid where possible. Titles - all important words should begin with a capital (i.e. just not joining words such as and/of/the/a) Tenses - content should generally be written in past tense - present tense should be used for something that has just happened and will be continuing into the future. U United States abbreviated to U.S. (Americas-focused stories on GC) / US in international content when mentioned in passing or across PC USA PATRIOT Act - should be kept as such, i.e. with caps, as it’s an acronym for “Uniting and Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism Act”) U.S. Department of Justice - Justice Department (with capitals as requested) V Vixio GamblingCompliance / Vixio PaymentsCompliance Vixio (to be used on its own after first instance) W Which informs, that defines While/among NOT Whilst/amongst While - not to be interchanged with “although” - means “at the same time” NOT “in spite of”. X Y Year quarters - Q1, Q2, H1, H2, etc. Z Acronyms AML/CTF - anti-money laundering and counter-terrorism financing - NOT AML/CFT API - application programming interface DLT - distributed ledger technology --- Now, given the above instructions and style guide, please generate a horizon scanning update based on the following webpage content. Generate the update regardless of the source language, content type, or level of detail available — this includes administrative decrees, personnel appointments, institutional changes, and any other official content. Use whatever information is present. EBA/GL/2026/03 02/03/2026 Final report Guidelines on instruments available for third country branches for unrestricted and immediate use to cover risks or losses under Article 48e(2)(c) of Directive 2013/36/EU FINAL REPORT ON GUIDELINES ON INSTRUMENTS AVAILABLE FOR THIRD-COUNTRY BRANCHES FOR UNRESTRICTED AND IMMEDIATE USE TO COVER RISKS OR LOSSES UNDER ARTICLE 48E(2)(C) OF DIRECTIVE 2013/36/EU Contents 1. Executive Summary 3 2. Background and rationale 4 3. Guidelines 6 1. Compliance and reporting obligations 8 2. Subject matter, scope and definitions 9 3. Implementation 10 4. Instruments available for unrestricted and immediate use under Article 48e(2)(c) of Directive 2013/36/EU 11 5. Accompanying documents 14 2 FINAL REPORT ON GUIDELINES ON INSTRUMENTS AVAILABLE FOR THIRD-COUNTRY BRANCHES FOR UNRESTRICTED AND IMMEDIATE USE TO COVER RISKS OR LOSSES UNDER ARTICLE 48E(2)(C) OF DIRECTIVE 2013/36/EU 1. Executive Summary Third country branches (TCBs) have a significant and increasing presence in EU banking markets, which made it necessary to establish a common prudential framework with minimum common re- quirements, among them the minimum capital endowment requirement. As part of this framework, the new Article 48e introduced in the Directive 2013/36/EU a minimum capital endowment requirement that TCBs shall always maintain and that shall be available for use for the purposes of Article 96 of Directive 2014/59/EU in the case of resolution of the third-country branch and for the purposes of the winding-up of the third-country branch in accordance with na- tional law. The ultimate objective of the capital endowment requirement is that segregated assets protect local depositors at the level of the TCB or they remain available to pay appropriate claims and satisfy local creditors, in case of resolution or winding-up of the TCB. This requirement is cal- culated as a percentage of the branch’s liabilities with a minimum nominal amount. Article 48e(2) of Directive 2013/36/EU sets out the forms of instruments that could be used in case of resolution or winding up of the TCB, and Article 48e(3) of Directive 2013/36/EU requires them to be placed in an escrow account. In addition to cash or cash assimilated instruments and debt securities issued by central governments or central banks of EU Member States, as specified in Ar- ticle 48e(2) of Directive 2013/36/EU, any other instrument that is available to the TCB for unre- stricted and immediate use to cover risks or losses as soon as those occur could be used to meet the requirement. The EBA is mandated by Article 48e(4) of Directive 2013/36/EU to issue guidelines in accordance with Article 16 of Regulation (EU) No 1093/2010, to specify the requirements for such ‘other instru- ments’. The requirement of Article 48e(3) of Directive 2013/36/EU that the instruments should be placed on an escrow account already reduces the choice of available instruments to financial in- struments. The most suitable financial instruments for these purposes are debt securities that would receive a 0% risk weight under the standardised approach for credit risk as per Regulation (EU) No 575/2013 and that are issued or guaranteed by central, regional or local governments or central banks, public sector entities, multilateral development banks or international organisations. In addition, to en- sure that these ‘other instruments’ - and those mentioned in Article 48e(2), points (a) and (b) of Directive 2013/36/EU - are available for use for the purposes of Article 96 of Directive 2014/59/EU in the case of resolution of the TCB and for the purposes of the winding-up of the TCB, these guide- lines also specify the minimum operational conditions that third-country branches should respect. Next steps These guidelines will be translated into the official EU languages and published on the EBA website. The deadline for competent authorities to report whether they comply with the guidelines will be two months after the publication of the translations. The guidelines will apply from 11 Janu- ary 2027. 3 FINAL REPORT ON DRAFT GUIDELINES ON INSTRUMENTS AVAILABLE FOR THIRD-COUNTRY BRANCHES FOR UNRESTRICTED AND IMMEDIATE USE TO COVER RISKS OR LOSSES UNDER ARTICLE 48E(2)(C) OF DIRECTIVE 2013/36/EU 2. Background and rationale 1. In June 2021, the EBA published a Report on the treatment of incoming TCBs (Report) under the national law of Member States. The Report was addressed to the European Parliament, the Council and the Commission and summarised supervisory practices and provided a mapping of the TCBs established in the Member States. 2. Concerning capital requirements, the data collection showed that while the majority of competent authorities (CAs) required TCBs to hold a capital endowment or a minimum initial capital, other CAs did not apply capital requirements for the TCB. In these latter cases, the CAs relied (or collected information) on the third-country credit institution’s (TCCI) capital position, overall financial sound- ness, third-country home authority (TCHA) supervision and close supervisory cooperation. 3. Considering the increased volume of activities carried out by TCBs in the context of regulatory frag- mentation across the EU, the Report laid down high-level policy recommendations for further har- monisation of EU law, which facilitated the TCB-related requirements included in Di- rective (EU) 2024/1619. As a result, Article 1(13) of this Directive introduced a harmonised regula- tory framework for TCBs, among them minimum regulatory requirements. 4. The new Article 48e of Directive 2013/36/EU sets a minimum capital endowment requirement for TCBs as part of the establishment of the overall prudential framework, with the aim of supporting the resolution and winding-up of the TCB. In line with Article 48e(1) of Directive 2013/36/EU, this requirement is calculated as a percentage of the liabilities held on the books of the TCB (liabilities booked) as such reported by it in accordance with the reporting framework. 5. TCBs are required to maintain at all times a minimum capital endowment requirement that shall be fulfilled with a) cash or cash assimilated instruments, b) debt securities issued by central govern- ments or central banks of EU Member States and/or with c) any other instrument that is available to the TCB for unrestricted and immediate use to cover risks or losses as soon as those occur. Arti- cle 48e(4) of Directive 2013/36/EU mandates the EBA to issue guidelines in accordance with Arti- cle 16 of Regulation (EU) No 1093/2010, to specify the requirement in relation to these ‘other in- struments’. 6. As the capital endowment instruments ‘shall be available for use for the purposes of Article 96 of Directive 2014/59/EU in the case of resolution of the third-country branch and for the purposes of the winding-up of the third-country branch in accordance with national law’, it is essential that TCCIs do not withdraw funds from the TCB which could be used to protect depositors or creditors in case of need. For this reason, the instruments are also required to be held in an escrow account. 7. The objective of these guidelines is twofold. On the one hand, on the basis of the mandate provided to the EBA in accordance with Article 48e(4) of Directive 2013/36/EU, it is to ensure that the capital endowment instruments referred to in Article 48e(2)(c) of the said Directive are available to the 4 FINAL REPORT ON DRAFT GUIDELINES ON INSTRUMENTS AVAILABLE FOR THIRD-COUNTRY BRANCHES FOR UNRESTRICTED AND IMMEDIATE USE TO COVER RISKS OR LOSSES UNDER ARTICLE 48E(2)(C) OF DIRECTIVE 2013/36/EU third-country branch for unrestricted and immediate use to cover risks or losses as soon as those risks or losses occur. On the other hand, on the basis of the EBA’s own initiative in accordance with Article 16 of Regulation 1093/2010, it is to safeguard that the minimum capital endowment re- quirement referred to in Article 48e(1) of Directive 2013/36/EU is maintained at all times and all capital endowment instruments deposited in the escrow account including those referred to in Ar- ticle 48e(2), points (a) and (b) of Directive 2013/36/EU are available for use for the purposes of Article 96 of Directive 2014/59/EU in the case of resolution of the third-country branch and for the purposes of the winding-up of the third-country branch in accordance with national law. 8. Accordingly, the guidelines provide the list of instruments that meet the requirement of Arti- cle 48e(2)(c) of Directive 2013/36/EU. However, the capacity of these instruments – and those mentioned in Article 48e(2), points (a) and (b) of Directive 2013/36/EU – to be available in case of resolution or winding-up of the TCB might be compromised if no other requirements are in place. Hence, the guidelines specify the operational conditions that third-country branches should re- spect. 9. The guidelines are addressed to competent authorities empowered by national law to supervise TCBs. Since Article 48e(3) provides that capital endowment instruments shall be available in the case of resolution or winding-up of the TCB, these guidelines take also into account the require- ments for cooperation between competent and resolution authorities as foreseen in the relevant legislation. 10. The specifications laid down in these guidelines are set as a minimum and should not be seen as in any way interfering with the general ability of the national regime or of the competent authority to apply a more rigorous regime on all aspects related to the capital endowment – including by pro- hibiting the use of instruments otherwise eligible for one or more third-country branches, by im- posing additional restrictions upon such instruments, including restrictions on their denominated currency, or by introducing operational requirements for the escrow account where assets used by those third-country branches to fulfil their minimum capital endowment requirements are depos- ited. 11. It should be noted that TCBs are also subject to minimum liquidity requirements as per Article 48f of Directive 2013/36/EU. In particular, TCBs shall always maintain a volume of unencumbered and liquid assets sufficient to cover liquidity outflows over a minimum period of 30 days. As the liquidity requirements need to be met with unencumbered and liquid assets, they cannot be counted to- wards the capital endowment requirement which requires the assets to be placed in an escrow account, and vice-versa, assets placed into an escrow account are by definition encumbered and therefore would not be available to meet the liquidity outflows of TCBs. 12. The EBA collected information from EU competent authorities on the existing practices and related national requirements concerning TCBs and also studied the respective capital endowment regimes applicable to TCBs active in US and UK. All this information was considered in the development of these Guidelines as mandated under Article 48e(4) of Directive 2013/36/EU. 5 FINAL REPORT ON GUIDELINES ON INSTRUMENTS AVAILABLE FOR THIRD-COUNTRY BRANCHES FOR UNRESTRICTED AND IMMEDIATE USE TO COVER RISKS OR LOSSES UNDER ARTICLE 48E(2)(C) OF DIRECTIVE 2013/36/EU 3. Guidelines 6 FINAL REPORT ON GUIDELINES ON INSTRUMENTS AVAILABLE FOR THIRD-COUNTRY BRANCHES FOR UNRESTRICTED AND IMMEDIATE USE TO COVER RISKS OR LOSSES UNDER ARTICLE 48E(2)(C) OF DIRECTIVE 2013/36/EU EBA/GL/2026/03 02/03/2026 Guidelines on instruments available for third country branches for unrestricted and immediate use to cover risks or losses under Article 48e(2)(c) of Directive 2013/36/EU 7 FINAL REPORT ON GUIDELINES ON INSTRUMENTS AVAILABLE FOR THIRD-COUNTRY BRANCHES FOR UNRESTRICTED AND IMMEDIATE USE TO COVER RISKS OR LOSSES UNDER ARTICLE 48E(2)(C) OF DIRECTIVE 2013/36/EU 1. Compliance and reporting obligations Status of these guidelines 1. This document contains guidelines issued pursuant to Article 16 of Regulation (EU) No 1093/2010. In accordance with Article 16(3) of Regulation (EU) No 1093/2010, competent authorities and financial institutions must make every effort to comply with the guidelines. 2. Guidelines set the EBA view of appropriate supervisory practices within the European System of Financial Supervision or of how Union law should be applied in a particular area. Competent authorities as defined in Article 4(2) of Regulation (EU) No 1093/2010 to whom guidelines ap- ply should comply by incorporating them into their practices as appropriate (e.g. by amending their legal framework or their supervisory processes), including where guidelines are directed primarily at institutions. Reporting requirements 3. According to Article 16(3) of Regulation (EU) No 1093/2010, competent authorities must notify the EBA as to whether they comply or intend to comply with these guidelines, or otherwise with reasons for non-compliance, by [dd.mm.yyyy]. In the absence of any notification by this deadline, competent authorities will be considered by the EBA to be non-compliant. Notifica- tions should be sent by submitting the form available on the EBA website with the reference ‘EBA/GL/2026/03’. Notifications should be submitted by persons with appropriate authority to report compliance on behalf of their competent authorities. Any change in the status of com- pliance must also be reported to EBA. 4. Notifications will be published on the EBA website, in line with Article 16(3). 8 FINAL REPORT ON GUIDELINES ON INSTRUMENTS AVAILABLE FOR THIRD-COUNTRY BRANCHES FOR UNRESTRICTED AND IMMEDIATE USE TO COVER RISKS OR LOSSES UNDER ARTICLE 48E(2)(C) OF DIRECTIVE 2013/36/EU 2. Subject matter, scope and definitions Subject matter 5. To ensure that capital endowment instruments referred to in Article 48e(2)(c) of Di- rective 2013/36/EU are available to the third-country branch for unrestricted and immediate use to cover risks or losses as soon as those risks or losses occur, these guidelines specify, in accordance with Article 48e(4) of that Directive, the requirement laid down in Article 48e(2)(c) in relation to those instruments. 6. To ensure that the minimum capital endowment requirement referred to in Article 48e(1) of Directive 2013/36/EU deposited in the escrow account of Article 48e(3) of that Directive is maintained at all times and is available for use for the purposes of Article 96 of Di- rective 2014/59/EU in the case of resolution of the third-country branch and for the purposes of the winding-up of the third-country branch in accordance with national law, these guidelines specify minimum operational conditions that third-country branches should respect. Scope of application 7. These guidelines apply at the level of the third-country branch. 8. These guidelines apply without prejudice to national provisions foreseeing or competent au- thorities imposing on one or more third-country branches a more rigorous regime concerning the specification of the requirement laid down in Article 48e(2) of Directive 2013/36/EU includ- ing for the instruments referred to in point (c) of that paragraph, or operational conditions that third-country branches should respect. Addressees 9. These guidelines are addressed to competent authorities as defined in Article 4(2)(i) of Regula- tion (EU) No 1093/2010 and to financial institutions as defined in Article 4(1) of Regulation No 1093/2010. 9 FINAL REPORT ON GUIDELINES ON INSTRUMENTS AVAILABLE FOR THIRD-COUNTRY BRANCHES FOR UNRESTRICTED AND IMMEDIATE USE TO COVER RISKS OR LOSSES UNDER ARTICLE 48E(2)(C) OF DIRECTIVE 2013/36/EU 3. Implementation Date of application 10. These guidelines apply from 11 January 2027. 10 FINAL REPORT ON GUIDELINES ON INSTRUMENTS AVAILABLE FOR THIRD-COUNTRY BRANCHES FOR UNRESTRICTED AND IMMEDIATE USE TO COVER RISKS OR LOSSES UNDER ARTICLE 48E(2)(C) OF DIRECTIVE 2013/36/EU 4. Instruments available for unrestricted and immediate use under Article 48e(2)(c) of Directive 2013/36/EU Eligible Instruments 11. For third-country branches to fulfil the minimum capital endowment requirement referred to in Article 48e of Directive 2013/36/EU, the instruments referred to in paragraph 2 point (c) of that Article should at least comply with paragraphs 12 to 16. 12. The instruments referred to in paragraph 11 should have one of the following forms: a) Debt securities guaranteed by central governments of the European Union or the ESCB central banks; b) Debt securities issued or guaranteed by regional governments or local authorities of Member States provided that the conditions laid down in Article 115(2) of Reg- ulation (EU) No 575/2013 are met; c) Debt securities issued or guaranteed by central, regional or local governments or central banks of third countries which apply supervisory and regulatory arrange- ments at least equivalent to those applied in the European Union and that would receive a 0% risk weight under the standardised approach as a result of the appli- cation of Articles 114(7) and 115(4) of Regulation (EU) No 575/2013; d) Debt securities issued or guaranteed by public sector entities that would receive a 0% risk weight under the standardised approach as a result of the application of Article 116(4) of Regulation (EU) No 575/2013; e) Debt securities issued or guaranteed by the multilateral development banks listed in Article 117(2) of Regulation (EU) No 575/2013; f) Debt securities issued or guaranteed by international organisations listed in Arti- cle 118 of Regulation (EU) No 575/2013. 13. For the purposes of the instruments referred to in paragraph 12, point c), third-country branches should consider the currency of their own funding to determine if the capital endow- ment assets are denominated and funded in the domestic currency in accordance with Arti- cle 114(7) of the CRR, first subparagraph of Regulation (EU) No 575/2013. 14. The instruments referred to in paragraph 12 should be listed on a recognised exchange and be easily monetised at any time. 11 FINAL REPORT ON GUIDELINES ON INSTRUMENTS AVAILABLE FOR THIRD-COUNTRY BRANCHES FOR UNRESTRICTED AND IMMEDIATE USE TO COVER RISKS OR LOSSES UNDER ARTICLE 48E(2)(C) OF DIRECTIVE 2013/36/EU 15. They should not be issued by the head undertaking of the third-country branch, by any of its subsidiaries or by a securitisation special purpose entity with which the head undertaking of the third-country branch has close links. 16. For the purposes of determining whether the minimum capital endowment requirement re- ferred to in Article 48e(1) of Directive 2013/36/EU is met, third-country branches should use the market value of the capital endowment assets. Third-country branches should be able to determine the market value of the instruments referred to in paragraph 12 on the basis of widely disseminated and easily available market prices, or, in the absence of such prices, on the basis of an easy-to-calculate formula that uses publicly available inputs and is not significantly dependent upon strong assumptions. Operational conditions 17. For the purposes of determining whether the minimum capital endowment requirement is met, third-country branches should take into account liabilities held on their books (liabilities booked) and reported as such by them in accordance with the reporting framework in accord- ance with Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) No …/… [reference to the ITS on reporting for TCBs to be added]. 18. Third-country branches should ensure that all the capital endowment assets referred to in points (a) to (c) of Article 48e(2) of Directive 2013/36/EU and deposited in the escrow account are always and continuously available for use for the purposes of Article 96 of Di- rective 2014/59/EU in the case of resolution of the third-country branch and for the purposes of the winding-up of the third-country branch in accordance with national law. 19. Third-country branches should implement arrangements, strategies, processes and mecha- nisms to meet their capital endowment requirement on a continuous basis and to comply with the provisions of these Guidelines. 20. The capital endowment assets referred to in points (a) to (c) of Article 48e(2) of Di- rective 2013/36/EU and deposited in the escrow account should not be counted towards the liquidity requirement of Article 48f of that Directive. 21. Third-country branches should monitor the geographical location of the capital endowment assets (that is the location of the issuer or of the protection provider, where relevant), their concentration risk and the consistency of their currency denomination with the distribution by currency of the liabilities of the third-country branch, especially of any deposits. 22. The capital endowment assets referred to in points (a) to (c) of Article 48e(2) of Di- rective 2013/36/EU and deposited in the escrow account should be free from any encum- brance, other than an encumbrance needed to ensure that such assets will be available for use for the purposes of Article 96 of Directive 2014/59/EU in the case of resolution of the third- 12 FINAL REPORT ON GUIDELINES ON INSTRUMENTS AVAILABLE FOR THIRD-COUNTRY BRANCHES FOR UNRESTRICTED AND IMMEDIATE USE TO COVER RISKS OR LOSSES UNDER ARTICLE 48E(2)(C) OF DIRECTIVE 2013/36/EU country branch and for the purposes of the winding-up of the third-country branch in accord- ance with national law. 13 FINAL REPORT ON GUIDELINES ON INSTRUMENTS AVAILABLE FOR THIRD-COUNTRY BRANCHES FOR UNRESTRICTED AND IMMEDIATE USE TO COVER RISKS OR LOSSES UNDER ARTICLE 48E(2)(C) OF DIRECTIVE 2013/36/EU 5. Accompanying documents 5.1 Draft cost-benefit analysis A. Problem identification The further harmonisation of the TCB regime was recommended by the EBA in its report under Article 21b(10) of Directive 2013/36/EU, submitted to the European Parliament, to the Council and to the Commission in June 2021, on the treatment of third-country branches under national law of the Member States. In particular, it was recommended that TCBs should be required to hold a min- imum capital amount at TCB level, which then informed the relevant requirements included in the banking package. In this context, the new Article 48e introduced a minimum capital endowment requirement in Directive 2013/36/EU that TCBs shall always maintain to ensure that there are as- sets available to the TCB for the purposes of Article 96 of Directive 2014/59/EU in the case of reso- lution of the third-country branch and for the purposes of the winding-up of the third-country branch. The capital endowment requirement of TCBs aims at segregating some assets that could be used to protect local depositors, pay appropriate claims and satisfy local creditors of the TCB in case of the resolution or winding-up of the TCB. This is notwithstanding that the applicable resolution and liquidation regime to which the head undertaking is subject should provide protection to EU-based creditors and depositors, and thus the primary source of loss absorption capacity should be derived from the capital available at the level of the head undertaking. In addition, the deposit guarantee scheme to which the TCB adheres should also provide protection to EU-based depositors. The EBA is mandated under Article 48e(4) of Directive 2013/36/EU to issue guidelines in accordance with Article 16 of Regulation (EU) No 1093/2010, to specify any other instrument that can be used to meet the capital endowment requirement apart from the ones included in points (a) and (b) of Article 48e(2) of Directive 2013/36/EU (i.e. cash or cash assimilated instruments and debt securities issued by central governments or central banks of EU Member States). These guidelines contain the list of the ‘other instruments’ eligible for this purpose together with operational requirements to ensure that the instruments included in the list of eligible instruments serve their purpose and are readily available in case of resolution or winding-up of the TCB and that these harmonised require- ments are applied throughout the EU. B. Policy objectives In line with the abovementioned mandate, these guidelines aim at providing a set of instruments and operational conditions to ensure that the capital endowment assets serve the objective of pro- tecting local depositors at the level of the TCB or they remain available to pay appropriate claims 14 FINAL REPORT ON GUIDELINES ON INSTRUMENTS AVAILABLE FOR THIRD-COUNTRY BRANCHES FOR UNRESTRICTED AND IMMEDIATE USE TO COVER RISKS OR LOSSES UNDER ARTICLE 48E(2)(C) OF DIRECTIVE 2013/36/EU and satisfy local creditors, in case of resolution or winding-up of the TCB. They also aim at harmo- nising the capital endowment requirement applied to TCBs as a way to achieve a level playing field, preventing regulatory arbitrage opportunities, and enhancing supervisory convergence and legal clarity. C. Baseline scenario Article 48e of Directive 2013/36/EU states that Member States shall require TCBs to maintain a minimum capital endowment made of cash, cash assimilated instruments, debt securities issued by central governments or central banks of Member States or any other instrument available to the TCB for unrestricted and immediate use to cover risks or losses as soon as those risks or losses occur. Under a baseline scenario where the EBA does not specify these ‘any other instruments’, the ob- jective of harmonising the capital endowment requirement applied to TCBs would not be achieved. In addition, the lack of definition could potentially lead to regulatory arbitrage opportunities, lack of convergence in the practices (both at the institution and supervisory level) and legal uncertainty. D. Options considered The new Article 48e of Directive 2013/36/EU introduced a minimum capital endowment require- ment that TCBs shall always maintain. The consideration of technical options was mainly focused on the eligibility of the assets to fulfil the requirement and the inclusion of certain criteria to ensure that the capital endowment requirement is operational. Policy option 1: Assets eligible to meet the capital endowment requirement Option 1: The list of assets only includes debt securities whose risk weight under the standardised approach for credit risk would be 0%. This option restricts the eligibility of assets to debt securities that would receive a 0% risk weight under the standardised approach for credit risk as per Regulation (EU) No 575/2013 and that are issued or guaranteed by central, regional or local governments or central banks, public sector enti- ties, multilateral development banks or international organisations. In case of resolution or wind- ing-up of the TCB, these assets can be easily monetised and made readily available to protect local depositors or to pay appropriate claims and satisfy local creditors of the TCB. Option 2: The list also includes collateral from reverse repos. Concerns were raised with regards to the inclusion of the collateral received from reverse repos into the list of eligible assets, due to their complexity and the uncertainties that they could create in the specific case of capital endowment. Furthermore, from a resolution or liquidation perspec- tive, the sale of these assets provides limited benefit as it creates a new liability. Thus, selling these assets would not improve the loss absorption capacity of the endowment capital. 15 FINAL REPORT ON GUIDELINES ON INSTRUMENTS AVAILABLE FOR THIRD-COUNTRY BRANCHES FOR UNRESTRICTED AND IMMEDIATE USE TO COVER RISKS OR LOSSES UNDER ARTICLE 48E(2)(C) OF DIRECTIVE 2013/36/EU Option 1 is the preferred option. Policy option 2: The inclusion of operational conditions Option 1: The guidelines only include a list of the different types of assets that could be used to meet the minimum capital endowment requirement in addition to those under Article 48e(2)(a) and (b) of the CRD. Under this option, the guidelines enumerate the instruments that would be eligible for the pur- poses of the capital endowment requirement, without specifying any operational requirements. However, the mere list of instruments would not ensure that in case of resolution or winding-up of the TCB, the capital endowment assets can be easily converted into cash and are readily available to protect local depositors or to pay appropriate claims and satisfy local creditors. In addition, this option would make it more difficult for competent authorities to assess the amount of the instru- ments that would be effectively available for use in the case of resolution of the TCB and for the purposes of the winding-up of the TCB. Option 2: Operational conditions need to be added to ensure that the assets eligible for the capital endowment requirement can indeed be used in resolution/winding-up. Under this option, the guidelines will detail operational aspects aimed at ensuring that the capital endowment is readily available when needed (i.e. free from any encumbrance) and its reported value coincides with the actual value that the TCB, the resolution authority or the liquidation au- thority might expect to obtain from the liquidation of the assets in case of resolution or winding- up of the TCB. The assets used for the purposes of the capital endowment requirement should not be double counted; therefore, they should not be computed towards the liquidity requirement of Article 48f of the CRD. Furthermore, the guidelines will highlight the importance of the implemen- tation of arrangements, strategies, processes and mechanisms to ensure that the capital endow- ment requirement is met on a continuous basis. Lastly, the guidelines require the identification and monitoring of risks connected to the capital endowment assets. This option ensures the availability of the assets in case of resolution or winding-up of the TCB. Option 2 is the preferred option. E. Cost-Benefit Analysis The impact of implementing the guidelines may vary depending on the regime already in place in the different Member States. The impact is expected to be limited for TCBs and for supervisors in those jurisdictions that rely on criteria similar to those of the CRR/CRD and decide to make use of the national discretion introduced by Article 48a(4) of the CRD. In jurisdictions without a requirement in place or where requirements different from the capital endowment or capital endowment-like requirement are currently applied, TCBs will face the cost 16 FINAL REPORT ON GUIDELINES ON INSTRUMENTS AVAILABLE FOR THIRD-COUNTRY BRANCHES FOR UNRESTRICTED AND IMMEDIATE USE TO COVER RISKS OR LOSSES UNDER ARTICLE 48E(2)(C) OF DIRECTIVE 2013/36/EU of building up the capital endowment in an escrow account and bear the costs related to its moni- toring. Competent authorities from jurisdictions without a capital endowment-like requirement in place will also face additional costs related to additional reporting requirements, the monitoring of the evolution and composition of capital endowment assets held by TCBs, or any needed supervisory action in this area. The benefits from the implementation of the guidelines are related to the assurance that the assets used to meet the capital endowment serve the objective of protecting local depositors at the level of the TCB in the EU or that they remain available to pay appropriate claims or satisfy local creditors, in case of resolution or winding-up of the TCB. Moreover, the guidelines provide a level playing field in the capital endowment requirement in the EU, preventing regulatory arbitrage opportunities and enhancing supervisory convergence and legal clarity. 17 FINAL REPORT ON GUIDELINES ON INSTRUMENTS AVAILABLE FOR THIRD-COUNTRY BRANCHES FOR UNRESTRICTED AND IMMEDIATE USE TO COVER RISKS OR LOSSES UNDER ARTICLE 48E(2)(C) OF DIRECTIVE 2013/36/EU 5.2 Feedback on the public consultation The EBA has publicly consulted on the draft proposal for these guidelines. The consultation period lasted for three months and ended on 10 October 2025. Seven responses were received, four of which were published on the EBA website. Summary of key issues and the EBA response The vast majority of the respondents did not object to the guidelines and the content was well received. Few comments targeted the list of instruments, while most of the comments provided concerned aspects not related to the EBA mandate under Article 48e(4) of the CRD, e.g. the calcu- lation of the thresholds for the classification of the TCBs, the calculation of the capital endowment requirement or flexibility in the use of capital endowment assets. This final report presents a summary of the comments raised by stakeholders, the EBA analysis and the actions taken to address them, where deemed necessary, as explained in the feedback table below. As a result of the public consultation, one clarification on the debt securities under letter c) of the list of capital endowment assets included in paragraph 12 has been added in the guidelines. 18 FINAL REPORT ON GUIDELINES ON INSTRUMENTS AVAILABLE FOR THIRD-COUNTRY BRANCHES FOR UNRESTRICTED AND IMMEDIATE USE TO COVER RISKS OR LOSSES UNDER ARTICLE 48E(2)(C) OF DIRECTIVE 2013/36/EU Summary of responses to the consultation and the EBA’s analysis Comments Summary of responses received EBA analysis Amendments to the proposals General comments Clarification of the definition One respondent asked for clarification on the Article 48e (2) of the CRD states that the mini- n/a of the equity side of the ‘cap- equity side of the ‘capital endowment’ and pro- mum capital endowment requirement shall be ital endowment’ posed a definition of the capital endowments fulfilled with assets and the forms of the assets as permanently available funds (e.g. allocated that can be used to meet this requirement are in- capital, retained earnings, other comprehen- cluded in the same article and in these guide- sive income etc.) or instruments provided to lines. the TCB to meet the minimum capital endow- In addition, competent authorities have the dis- ment requirement, in the form of cash or cash- cretion to apply capital requirements to TCBs, in- assimilated instruments, as defined under the cluding those similar to credit institutions au- guidelines and subject to full subordination and thorised under the CRR/the CRD. Therefore, loss absorption capacity. providing a definition of the capital endowment requirement from the equity side would not be relevant. Introduction of flexibility in A few respondents asked that the capital en- Article 48e(1) of the CRD already envisages a dif- n/a the application of the re- dowment requirement cater for the business ferent minimum capital endowment require- quirement model (e.g. where the TCB does not take local ment for Class 1 and Class 2 TCBs. The guidelines retail deposits). One asked specifically whether should not provide additional flexibility in rela- there is scope for competent authorities to tion to the use of the assets that are eligible as grant waivers or adjustments to this require- capital endowment. ment on a case-by-case basis. It is also recalled that competent authorities may impose on one or more TCBs a more rigorous re- gime than the one of the guidelines, but not a laxer one. 19 FINAL REPORT ON GUIDELINES ON INSTRUMENTS AVAILABLE FOR THIRD-COUNTRY BRANCHES FOR UNRESTRICTED AND IMMEDIATE USE TO COVER RISKS OR LOSSES UNDER ARTICLE 48E(2)(C) OF DIRECTIVE 2013/36/EU Clarifications on the calcula- One respondent asked whether: i) intragroup Article 48a of the CRD, establishing the criteria n/a tion of the threshold for clas- transactions can be excluded from the assets for the classification of TCBs as class 1 and 2, and sification purposes calculation for classification purposes, and ii) Article 48e(1) of the CRD already provides for whether there is room for the competent au- proportionality in the application of the require- thorities to apply waivers or adjustments to the ment. In this regard, the CRD does not specify ex- classification threshold based on the branch’s emptions or waivers for assets deriving from in- actual risk profile. tragroup transactions. Clarification on the calcula- Several respondents asked for the exclusions of The L1 text does not specify the exclusion of in- n/a tion of the requirement the following liabilities from the denominator tragroup funding, interbank transactions, repos, of the capital endowment requirement: i) in- market-oriented instruments, and deposits ma- tragroup borrowing (e.g. head office funding) turing within 30 days from the calculation basis. as it does not pose a risk of loss to customers In addition, the EBA is only mandated by Arti- and it creates circularity, since, e.g. the endow- cle 48e(4) of the CRD to issue guidelines to spec- ment would itself need to be financed by Head ify the requirements for the ‘other instruments’ Office, inflating the branch’s balance sheet, ii) referred to in Article 48e(2)(c) of the CRD and not market-oriented instruments such as CDs, CPs, the calculation of the requirement itself. and bonds, as professional investors are ex- Proportionality is already addressed by Articles pected to fully understand their risk profiles, iii) 48a and 48e(1) of the CRD. For reasons of pro- deposits maturing within 30 days, depending portionality, the minimum requirements im- on the outflow rates applied in the liquidity cov- posed on TCB are relative to the risk that they erage ratio (LCR) requirement, iv) interbank pose to financial stability and market integrity in counterparties since they involve professional, the Union and the Member States. TCBs there- prudentially regulated institutions that manage fore are classified as either class 1 or class 2, and counterparty risk as part of their supervisory Article 48e(1) of the CRD already provide for dif- framework, and v) repos since lenders already ferent minimum capital endowment require- hold securities as collateral, meaning that ments according to this classification. Therefore, credit risk is substantially mitigated. One re- the guidelines cannot provide additional flexibil- spondent also asked whether: i) proportional- ity in relation to the calculation of the capital en- ity will be considered in this context, and ii) dowment requirement. there will be scope for the competent authority 20 FINAL REPORT ON GUIDELINES ON INSTRUMENTS AVAILABLE FOR THIRD-COUNTRY BRANCHES FOR UNRESTRICTED AND IMMEDIATE USE TO COVER RISKS OR LOSSES UNDER ARTICLE 48E(2)(C) OF DIRECTIVE 2013/36/EU to grant waivers or adjustments based on the Finally, it is recalled that competent authorities branch’s actual risk profile. may impose on one or more TCBs a more rigor- ous regime than the one of the guidelines con- cerning the specification of the requirement, but not a laxer one. Responses to questions in Consultation Paper EBA/CP/2025/17 Question 1. Do you consider the described requirements that capital endowment instruments should meet appropriate to ensure that they are availa- ble for use in the case of resolution of the TCB and for the purposes of the winding-up of the TCB? Is there any further requirement the EBA should consider adding? Or alternatively removing? Treatment of assets (used to Some respondents requested the assets held in The encumbrance is needed to ensure that such n/a meet the capital endowment escrow accounts to be treated as unencum- assets will be available for use for the purposes requirement) for liquidity bered for liquidity purposes. Two of them ar- of Article 96 of Directive 2014/59/EU in the case purposes gued that the requirement to encumber assets, of resolution of the TCB and for the purposes of which would otherwise be defined as liquid, the winding-up in accordance with Article 48e(3) places a disproportionate burden on TCBs of the CRD. In addition, if the capital endowment since: i) credit institutions established in the assets are considered unencumbered for the Union do not have such a requirement, ii) de- purposes of Article 48f(1) of the CRD on the min- positors of TCBs are already protected by the imum liquidity requirement, that would imply deposit guarantee scheme (DGS), and iii) TCBs that they might be unavailable to meet the ob- are covered by group TLAC requirements. jectives of the capital endowment requirement stated in Article 48e(3) of the CRD. This is in line with the ultimate objective of the capital endow- ment requirement, which envisages segregated assets to protect local depositors at the level of the TCB, or to remain available to pay appropri- ate claims and satisfy local creditors, in case of resolution or winding-up of the TCB. Indeed, if the assets were available for other purposes, such as meeting liquidity requirements, they 21 FINAL REPORT ON GUIDELINES ON INSTRUMENTS AVAILABLE FOR THIRD-COUNTRY BRANCHES FOR UNRESTRICTED AND IMMEDIATE USE TO COVER RISKS OR LOSSES UNDER ARTICLE 48E(2)(C) OF DIRECTIVE 2013/36/EU would be unlikely to be available in case of reso- lution or winding-up of the TCB. Moreover, the liquidity requirements of Arti- cle 48f(1) of the CRD need to be met with unen- cumbered and liquid assets, while assets used to meet the capital endowment requirement and placed in an escrow account are, by nature, en- cumbered and therefore would not be available to meet the liquidity outflows of TCBs. The aim of the capital endowment requirement is to provide an extra safeguard in case the home resolution or liquidation regimes of the TCB or its head undertaking fail to provide the adequate protection for local EU depositors and creditors, thus this requirement is irrespective of whether the TCB is covered by a DGS or by the group TLAC requirement. Question 2. Do you consider the list of instruments proposed for the purposes of Article 48e(2)(c) of Directive 2013/36/EU adequate? Is there any further instrument the EBA should consider adding? Or alternatively removing? 22 FINAL REPORT ON GUIDELINES ON INSTRUMENTS AVAILABLE FOR THIRD-COUNTRY BRANCHES FOR UNRESTRICTED AND IMMEDIATE USE TO COVER RISKS OR LOSSES UNDER ARTICLE 48E(2)(C) OF DIRECTIVE 2013/36/EU Inclusion of Head Office One respondent suggested the inclusion of le- Head Office guarantees do not fit the purpose of n/a guarantees in the list of eligi- gally enforceable Head Office guarantees in the the requirement since: i) the capital endowment ble instruments and eligibil- list of capital endowment instruments, arguing instruments should be easily converted into cash ity of covered bonds that, properly structured, such guarantees can in case of resolution or winding up of the TCB, ensure that any losses incurred by the branch which would not be possible in case of liquidity are absorbed directly and immediately by pa- problems or insolvency or liquidation of the head rental resources. According to the respondent, office of the TCB, ii) the capital endowment in- this solution would provide protection that is struments must be deposited in an escrow ac- more material, more immediate, and more pro- count, and this would not be possible for guaran- portionate than a segregated pool of low-yield tees and iii) the failure of the TCB is expected to assets. follow the failure of its head undertaking, there- fore, the guarantee provided by this latter would not be able to absorb losses when needed. Another respondent pointed out that covered It is recalled that capital endowment instruments bonds should be eligible instruments for the shall be available to the TCB for unrestricted and purposes of Article 48e of the CRD. immediate use to cover risks or losses as soon as those risks or losses occur. In this regard, the EBA’s technical view is that, only instruments that would receive a 0% risk weight under the standardised approach for credit risk and that are not subject to haircuts under the LCR frame- work would ensure that the capital endowment is indeed readily available and can be easily mon- etised. Covered bonds, even if of high quality, do not meet these conditions. Therefore, compe- tent authorities are encouraged to apply a strict approach with regard to the eligibility of these instruments. 23 FINAL REPORT ON GUIDELINES ON INSTRUMENTS AVAILABLE FOR THIRD-COUNTRY BRANCHES FOR UNRESTRICTED AND IMMEDIATE USE TO COVER RISKS OR LOSSES UNDER ARTICLE 48E(2)(C) OF DIRECTIVE 2013/36/EU The use in practice of non-EU Some respondents argued that the current The debt securities under letter c) of the list of A clarification has government bonds to meet drafting may, in practice, preclude the use of capital endowment assets should be denomi- been added in the the capital endowment re- non-EU government bonds in many cases due nated in the same currency as the funding of the guidelines that quirement to the strict conditions under Article 114(7) of TCB according to Article 114(7) of the CRR. This TCBs should con- the CRR, particularly the requirement that the means that TCBs should consider their own fund- sider their own TCB shall be funded in the domestic currency of ing in order to determine if these assets are de- funding to deter- the issuing country. They requested, therefore, nominated and funded in the domestic currency mine if assets that the EBA clarifies in the guidelines that TCBs as Article 114(7) of the CRR requests. listed in paragraph being part of the same legal entity as the head 12 c) are denomi- Finally, the list of jurisdictions for which the undertaking can be considered as funded in the nated and funded equivalence assessment was concluded posi- domestic currency of the head undertaking. in the domestic tively is already provided by the Commission Im- Two of these respondents also added that the currency as Arti- plementing decision (EU) No 2021/1753, An- TCB must demonstrate that its headquartered cle 114(7) of the nex IV. jurisdiction is equivalent, posing an extra bur- CRR requests. den on the entity. 24

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